October 26 in History

A 7.5 magnitude earthquake strikes in the Hindu Kush mountain range in South Asia, killing 399 people and leaving 2,536 people injured.

Microsoft made a public release of Windows 8 and made it available on new PCs.

Rockstar Games releases Grand Theft Auto: San Andreas for the PlayStation 2 in North America, which sold 12 million units for the PS2, becoming the console's best-selling video game.

The Cedar Fire, the third-largest wildfire in California history, kills 15 people, consumes 250,000 acres (1,000 km2), and destroys 2,200 homes around San Diego.

Approximately 50 Chechen terrorists and 150 hostages die when Russian special forces troops storm a theater building in Moscow, which had been occupied by the terrorists during a musical performance three days before.

The United States passes the USA PATRIOT Act into law.

A wave of protests forces Robert Guéï to step down as president after the Ivorian presidential election.

The United Kingdom's House of Lords votes to end the right of most hereditary peers to vote in Britain's upper chamber of Parliament.

Mossad agents assassinate Palestinian Islamic Jihad leader Fathi Shaqaqi in his hotel in Malta.

An avalanche hits the Icelandic village of Flateyri, destroying 29 homes and burying 45 people, and killing 20.

Jordan and Israel sign a peace treaty.

Three months after the end of the Ten-Day War, the last soldier of the Yugoslav People's Army leaves the territory of the Republic of Slovenia.

China Airlines Flight 204 crashes after takeoff from Hualien Airport in Taiwan, killing all 54 people on board.

The Australian government returns ownership of Uluru to the local Pitjantjatjara Aboriginals.

Park Chung Hee, President of South Korea, is assassinated by Korean CIA head Kim Jae-gyu.

Ali Maow Maalin, the last natural case of smallpox, develops a rash in Somalia. The WHO and the CDC consider this date to be the anniversary of the eradication of smallpox, the most spectacular success of vaccination.

Space Race: The Soyuz 3 mission achieves the first Soviet space rendezvous.

Mohammad Reza Pahlavi crowns himself Emperor of Iran.

Pan American Airways makes the first commercial flight of the Boeing 707 from New York City to Paris.

Hungarian Revolution: In the towns of Mosonmagyaróvár and Esztergom, Hungarian secret police forces massacre civilians. As rebel strongholds in Budapest hold, fighting spreads throughout the country.

After the last Allied troops have left the country, and following the provisions of the Austrian Independence Treaty, Austria declares that it will never join a military alliance.

Ngô Đình Diệm proclaims himself as President of the newly created Republic of Vietnam.

Partition of India: The Maharaja of Kashmir and Jammu signs the Instrument of Accession with India, beginning the Indo-Pakistani War of 1947–1948 and the Kashmir conflict.

World War II: The Battle of Leyte Gulf ends with an overwhelming American victory.

World War II: In the Battle of the Santa Cruz Islands during the Guadalcanal Campaign, one U.S. aircraft carrier is sunk and another carrier is heavily damaged, while two Japanese carriers and one cruiser are heavily damaged.

Nazi Germany begins expulsions of 18,000 Polish Jews.

The first electric generator at Hoover Dam goes into full operation.

World War I: Erich Ludendorff, quartermaster-general of the Imperial German Army, is dismissed by Kaiser Wilhelm II for refusing to cooperate in peace negotiations.

World War I: Brazil declares war on the Central Powers.

First Balkan War: The Ottomans lose the cities of Thessaloniki and Skopje.

Japanese occupation of Korea: An Jung-geun assassinates Japan's Resident-General of Korea.

King Oscar II recognizes the dissolution of the union between Norway and Sweden.

Ida B. Wells publishes Southern Horrors: Lynch Law in All Its Phases.

Malleco Viaduct in Chile, at the time "the highest railroad bridge in the world", is inaugurated by President José Manuel Balmaceda.

Wyatt Earp and Doc Holliday participate in the Gunfight at the O.K. Corral in Tombstone, Arizona.

Liberian President Edward James Roye is deposed in a coup d'état.

The Football Association is founded.

Unification of Italy: The Expedition of the Thousand ends when Giuseppe Garibaldi presents his conquests to King Victor Emmanuel of Sardinia.

The Royal Charter Storm kills at least eight hundred people in the British Isles.

The Erie Canal opens, allowing direct passage from the Hudson River to Lake Erie.

War of 1812: A combined force of British regulars, Canadian militia and Mohawks defeat the United States Army in the Battle of the Chateauguay.

American Revolution: The First Continental Congress adjourns in Philadelphia.

General Enea Silvio Piccolomini of Austria burns down Skopje to prevent the spread of cholera; he dies of the disease soon afterwards.

The Treaty of Ripon is signed, restoring peace between Covenanter Scotland and King Charles I of England.

Imjin War: Korean Admiral Yi Sun-sin routs the Japanese Navy of 300 ships with only 13 ships at the Battle of Myeongnyang.

Charles V is crowned as Holy Roman Emperor.

Tvrtko I is crowned the first king of Bosnia.

The Byzantine civil war of 1341–1347 formally begins with the proclamation of John VI Kantakouzenos as Byzantine Emperor.

The Uprising of Asen and Peter begins on the feast day of St. Demetrius of Thessaloniki and ends with the creation of the Second Bulgarian Empire.

Lee Eunsang, South Korean singer

Rhenzy Feliz, American actor and singer

Rebecca Tunney, English gymnast

Yuta, Japanese singer

Waqa Blake, Fijian rugby league player

Allie DeBerry, American model and actress

Sergey Karasev, Russian basketball player

Joseph Cramarossa, Canadian hockey player

Riho Iida, Japanese model and actress

Mark Swanepoel, South African rugby player

Dre Kirkpatrick, American football player

Emil Sayfutdinov, Russian motorcycle racer

Nosliw Rodríguez, Venezuelan politician

Greg Zuerlein, American figure skater

Abudramae Bamba, Ivorian footballer

Shawn Lauvao, American football player

Ibor Bakar, French footballer

Jakub Rzeźniczak, Polish footballer

Marco Ruben, Argentinian footballer

Schoolboy Q, German-American rapper

Andrea Bargnani, Italian basketball player

Kafoumba Coulibaly, Ivorian footballer

Monta Ellis, American basketball player

Kieran Read, New Zealand rugby player

Sasha Cohen, American figure skater

Adriano Correia, Brazilian footballer

Mathieu Crépel, French snowboarder

Jefferson Farfán, Peruvian footballer

Amanda Overmyer, American singer-songwriter

Francisco Liriano, Dominican baseball player

Dmitri Sychev, Russian footballer

Luke Watson, South African rugby player

Nicola Adams, English boxer

Adam Carroll, Irish race car driver

Sam Brown, American actor, producer, and screenwriter

Martina Schild, Swiss skier

Guy Sebastian, Malaysian-Australian singer-songwriter

Chou Ssu-Chi, Taiwanese baseball player

Cristian Chivu, Romanian footballer

Nick Collison, American basketball player

Claire Cooper, English actress

Koichi Watanabe, Japanese kick-boxer

Movsar Barayev, Chechen terrorist (died 2002)

Sari Abacha, Nigerian footballer (died 2013)

Jimmy Aggrey, English footballer and actor

Eva Kaili, Greek journalist and politician

Antonio Pierce, American football player and coach

CM Punk, American wrestler, mixed martial artist, and actor

Dave Zastudil, American football player

Jon Heder, American actor and producer

Marisha Pessl, American author

Florence Kasumba, Ugandan-German actress

Miikka Kiprusoff, Finnish ice hockey player

Austin Healey, English rugby player and sportscaster

Seth MacFarlane, American voice actor, singer, director, producer, and screenwriter

Taka Michinoku, Japanese wrestler and trainer

Róbert Petrovický, Slovak ice hockey player

Matsuko Deluxe, Japanese journalist and author

Daniel Elena, Monegasque race car driver

Raveena Tandon, Indian actress, producer, and former model

Jim Butcher, American author

Rosemarie DeWitt, American actress

Audley Harrison, English boxer

Ronnie Irani, English cricketer

Anthony Rapp, American actor and singer

Dian Bachar, American actor, director, and screenwriter

Lisa Ryder, Canadian actress

Miyuki Imori, Japanese actress and singer

Douglas Alexander, Scottish lawyer and politician, former Minister of State for Europe

Keith Urban, Australian-American singer-songwriter and guitarist

Sverre Gjørvad, Norwegian drummer and composer

Masaharu Iwata, Japanese keyboard player and composer

Steve Valentine, Scottish actor and magician

Jeanne Zelasko, American journalist and sportscaster

Kelly Rowan, Canadian actress and producer

Ken Rutherford, New Zealand cricketer

Kikka Sirén, Finnish pop/schlager singer (died 2005)

Tom Cavanagh, Canadian actor and producer

Ted Demme, American actor, director, and producer (died 2002)

Natalie Merchant, American singer-songwriter and pianist

Craig Shakespeare, English football player (Walsall, West Bromwich Albion) and manager (Leicester City) (died 2024)

Cary Elwes, English actor and producer

Jack Morelli, American comic book professional and author

Uhuru Kenyatta, Kenyan politician, 4th President of Kenya

Gerald Malloy, American lawyer and politician

Dylan McDermott, American actor

Joey Salceda, Filipino politician

Patrick Breen, American actor

Paul Farmer, American anthropologist and physician (died 2022)

Evo Morales, Bolivian soldier and politician, 80th President of Bolivia

Shaun Woodward, English journalist and politician, Secretary of State for Northern Ireland

Bob Golic, American football player and radio host

Stephen Gumley, Australian engineer and businessman

Rita Wilson, American actress and producer

Vasilis Hatzipanagis, Greek footballer

Adam Mars-Jones, English author and critic

D. W. Moffett, American actor and director

James Pickens Jr., American actor

Roger Allam, British actor

Tim Hely Hutchinson, English publisher

Joe Meriweather, American basketball player and coach (died 2013)

Keith Strickland, American guitarist and songwriter

AAMS Arefin Siddique, Bangladeshi academic administrator (died 2025)

Bobby Bandiera, American singer-songwriter and guitarist

Edward Garnier, English lawyer and politician, Solicitor General for England and Wales

Andrew Motion, English poet and author

David Was, American singer-songwriter and producer

Bootsy Collins, American singer-songwriter and bass player

Tommy Mars, American keyboard player

Julian Schnabel, American painter, director, and screenwriter

Antonio Carpio, Filipino lawyer and jurist, Senior Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the Philippines

Steve Rogers, American baseball player

Kevin Sullivan, American wrestler and booker (died 2024)

Toby Harrah, American baseball player and coach

Ricardo Asch, Argentinian gynecologist and endocrinologist

Ian Ashley, German-English race car driver

Hillary Clinton, American lawyer and politician, 67th United States Secretary of State and 44th First Lady of the United States

Reg Empey, Northern Irish businessman and politician, Lord Mayor of Belfast

Trevor Joyce, Irish poet and scholar

Kenzo Kitakata, Japanese author

Kevin Barron, English electrician and politician

Keith Hopwood, English singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer

Pat Sajak, American journalist, actor, and game show host

Holly Woodlawn, Puerto Rican actress and author (died 2015)

Pat Conroy, American author (died 2016)

Demetris Th. Gotsis, Greek poet and author (died 2021)

Nancy Davis Griffeth, American computer scientist and academic

Jaclyn Smith, American actress and producer

Jim McCann, Irish singer and guitarist (died 2015)

Bob Hoskins, English actor, singer, and director (died 2014)

Milton Nascimento, Brazilian singer-songwriter and guitarist

Zdenko Runjić, Croatian songwriter and producer (died 2004)

Jonathan Williams, English race car driver and pilot (died 2014)

Steven Kellogg, American author and illustrator

Charlie Landsborough, English singer-songwriter and guitarist

Eddie Henderson, American trumpet player and educator

John Horgan, Irish academic and politician

Tom Meschery, Chinese-American basketball player

Al Casey, American guitarist (died 2006)

Etelka Kenéz Heka, Hungarian writer, poet and singer (died 2024)

Shelley Morrison, American actress (died 2019)

György Pauk, Hungarian violinist and educator

Mike Gray, American director, producer, and screenwriter (died 2013)

Gloria Conyers Hewitt, American mathematician and academic

Hot Rod Hundley, American basketball player and sportscaster (died 2015)

Hans-Joachim Roedelius, German keyboard player and producer

Takis Kanellopoulos, Greek director, producer, and screenwriter (died 1990)

Andrew P. O'Rourke, American judge and politician (died 2013)

Suhaila Noah, Spouse of the Prime Minister of Malaysia (died 2014)

Neal Matthews Jr., American country/gospel singer (died 2000)

Francisco Solano López, Argentinian illustrator (died 2011)

Warne Marsh, American saxophonist (died 1987)

Panos Gavalas, Greek singer (died 1988)

Jan Wolkers, Dutch sculptor, painter, and author (died 2007)

Shaw Taylor, English actor and television host (died 2015)

Robert Hinde, English zoologist and academic (died 2016)

Madelyn Dunham, American grandmother of Barack Obama (died 2008)

Fred Wood, English actor (died 2003)

Joe Fulks, American basketball player (died 1976)

Sarah Lee Lippincott, American astronomer and academic (died 2019)

Princess Ashraf of Iran (died 2016)

Frank Bourgholtzer, American journalist (died 2010)

Edward Brooke, American captain and politician, 47th Massachusetts Attorney General (died 2015)

Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, Shah of Iran (died 1980)

François Mitterrand, French lawyer and politician, 21st President of France (died 1996)

Boyd Wagner, American colonel and pilot (died 1942)

Ray Crawford, American race car driver, fighter ace, test pilot, and businessman (died 1996)

Joe Fry, English race car driver (died 1950)

Jackie Coogan, American actor and director (died 1984)

Charlie Barnet, American saxophonist, composer, and bandleader (died 1991)

Don Siegel, American director and producer (died 1991)

Sid Gillman, American football player and coach (died 2003)

Mahalia Jackson, American singer (died 1972)

Sorley MacLean, Scottish poet and educator (died 1996)

John Krol, American cardinal (died 1996)

Ignace Lepp, French psychologist and author (died 1966)

Dante Quinterno, Argentinian author and illustrator (died 2003)

Primo Carnera, Italian boxer and actor (died 1967)

George Bernard Flahiff, Canadian cardinal (died 1989)

Mahn Ba Khaing, Burmese politician (died 1947)

Beryl Markham, Kenyan horse trainer and author (died 1986)

Jack Sharkey, American boxer and referee (died 1994)

Henrietta Hill Swope, American astronomer and academic (died 1980)

Ibrahim Abboud, Sudanese politician and general, 1st President of Sudan (died 1983)

Karin Boye, Swedish poet and novelist (died 1941)

Judy Johnson, American baseball player and coach (died 1989)

Florence Nagle, English trainer and breeder of racehorses (died 1988)

Miloš Crnjanski, Serbian poet and author (died 1977)

Ganesh Shankar Vidyarthi, Indian journalist and politician (died 1931)

Runar Schildt, Finnish author (died 1925)

William Hogenson, American sprinter (died 1965)

Napoleon Hill, American philosopher and author (died 1970)

Paul Pilgrim, American runner (died 1958)

Louis Bastien, French cyclist and fencer (died 1963)

Andrei Bely, Russian novelist, poet, and critic (died 1934)

William Kissam Vanderbilt II, American motor racing enthusiast and yachtsman (died 1944)

H.B. Warner, English actor (died 1958)

Martin Lowry, English chemist and academic (died 1936)

Abby Aldrich Rockefeller, American philanthropist, founded the Museum of Modern Art (died 1948)

A. K. Fazlul Huq, Bangladeshi-Pakistani lawyer and politician, 5th Pakistani Minister of Interior (died 1962)

Thorvald Stauning, Danish union leader and politician, 24th Prime Minister of Denmark (died 1942)

Guillermo Kahlo, German-Mexican photographer (died 1941)

Washington Luís, Brazilian lawyer and politician, 13th President of Brazil (died 1957)

Benjamin Guggenheim, American businessman (died 1912)

Frank Eaton, American marshal and author (died 1958)

C. W. Post, American businessman, founded Post Foods (died 1914)

Grigore Tocilescu, Romanian archaeologist and historian (died 1909)

Ferdinand Georg Frobenius, German mathematician and academic (died 1917)

Vasily Vereshchagin, Russian soldier and painter (died 1904)

Joseph Hansom, English architect and publisher, designed Birmingham Town Hall (died 1882)

Miguel I of Portugal (died 1866)

Helmuth von Moltke the Elder, Prussian field marshal (died 1891)

Margaret Agnes Bunn, Scottish actress (died 1883)

Giuditta Pasta, Italian soprano (died 1865)

Nikolaos Mantzaros, Greek composer and theorist (died 1872)

Konstantin Thon, Russian architect, designed the Grand Kremlin Palace and the Cathedral of Christ the Saviour (died 1881)

Eustachy Erazm Sanguszko, Polish general and politician (died 1844)

Georges Danton, French lawyer and politician, French Minister of Justice (died 1794)

Karl Leonhard Reinhold, Austrian philosopher and academic (died 1823)

Ivan Mane Jarnović, Italian violinist and composer (died 1804)

Johan Helmich Roman, Swedish composer and academic (died 1758)

Domenico Scarlatti, Italian harpsichord player and composer (died 1757)

Kurt Christoph Graf von Schwerin, Prussian field marshal (died 1757)

Dimitrie Cantemir, Moldavian geographer, historian, and philosopher (died 1723)

Henry Wilmot, 1st Earl of Rochester (died 1658)

William Sprague, English-American settler, co-founded Charlestown, Massachusetts (died 1675)

Hans Leo Hassler, German organist and composer (died 1612)

Ahmad Baba al Massufi, Malian academic (died 1627)

Charlotte de Sauve, French courtesan (died 1617)

Anna of Hesse, princess of Hesse (died 1591)

John Basset, Devonshire gentleman (died 1541)

Zhengde Emperor of China (died 1521)

Hans Buchner, German Renaissance composer (died 1538)

Friedrich of Saxony, Grand Master of the Teutonic Knights (died 1510)

Ercole I d'Este, Duke of Ferrara, Italian politician (died 1505)

Sigismund, Archduke of Austria (died 1496)

Edmund Grey, 1st Earl of Kent, English politician, Lord High Treasurer (died 1490)

Bjorn Andresen, Swedish actor and musician (born 1955)

Roh Tae-woo, South Korean general and politician, 6th President of South Korea (born 1932)

Ali Ashraf Darvishian, Iranian novelist, short story writer and academic. (born 1941)

Willis Carto, American activist and theorist (born 1926)

Leo Kadanoff, American physicist and academic (born 1937)

Giuseppe Nazzaro, Italian-Syrian bishop and theologian (born 1937)

Vic Allen, English sociologist, economist, and historian (born 1923)

Mo Collins, American football player and coach (born 1976)

Germain Gagnon, Canadian ice hockey player (born 1942)

Senzo Meyiwa, South African footballer (born 1987)

Brian Moore, Australian rugby league player (born 1944)

Jeff Robinson, American baseball player (born 1961)

Gordy Soltau, American football player and sportscaster (born 1925)

Oscar Taveras, Dominican baseball player (born 1992)

Ritva Arvelo, Finnish actress, director, and screenwriter (born 1921)

Ron Davies, Welsh photographer (born 1921)

Doug Ireland, American journalist and activist (born 1946)

Al Johnson, American singer-songwriter and producer (born 1948)

Andries Maseko, South African footballer (born 1955)

Gabriel of Komana (born 1946)

Mac Ahlberg, Swedish-Italian director, screenwriter, and cinematographer (born 1931)

Arnold Greenberg, American businessman, co-founded Snapple (born 1932)

John M. Johansen American architect, designed the Morris A. Mechanic Theatre (born 1916)

Alan Kirschenbaum, American director, producer, and screenwriter (born 1961)

Björn Sieber, Austrian skier (born 1989)

Alan Stretton, Australian general (born 1922)

Jona Senilagakali, Fijian physician and politician, 7th Prime Minister of Fiji (born 1929)

Glen Little, American clown (born 1925)

Mbah Maridjan, Indonesian spiritual leader (born 1927)

Romeu Tuma, Brazilian police officer and politician (born 1931)

Teel Bivins, American lawyer and politician, 18th United States Ambassador to Sweden (born 1947)

Yoshirō Muraki, Japanese production designer and art director(born 1924)

George Naʻope, American singer and dancer (born 1928)

Troy Smith, American businessman, founded Sonic Drive-In (born 1922)

Tony Hillerman, American journalist, author, and educator (born 1925)

Delmar Watson, American actor and photographer (born 1926)

Nicolae Dobrin, Romanian footballer and manager (born 1947)

Friedman Paul Erhardt, German-American chef and television host (born 1943)

Arthur Kornberg, American biochemist and academic, Nobel Prize (born 1918)

Tillman Franks, American bassist and songwriter (born 1920)

Pontus Hultén, Swedish art collector and curator (born 1924)

Keith Parkinson, American illustrator (born 1958)

George Swindin, English footballer and manager (born 1914)

Bobby Ávila, Mexican baseball player and politician (born 1924)

Jacques Massu, French general (born 1908)

Sally Hoyt Spofford, American ornithologist (born 1914)

Hüseyin Hilmi Işık, Turkish scholar and academic (born 1911)

Hoyt Axton, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and actor (born 1938)

Eknath Easwaran, Indian-American author and educator (born 1910)

Kenkichi Iwasawa, Japanese mathematician and academic (born 1917)

Wilhelm Freddie, Danish painter and sculptor (born 1909)

Gorni Kramer, Italian bassist, songwriter, and bandleader (born 1913)

Wilbert Harrison, American singer and guitarist (born 1929)

Oro, Mexican wrestler (born 1971)

Sherry Hawco, Canadian gymnast (born 1964)

Charles J. Pedersen, American chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (born 1904)

Jackson Scholz, American runner (born 1897)

Gus Mancuso, American baseball player and coach (born 1905)

Park Chung Hee, South Korean general and politician, 3rd President of South Korea (born 1917)

Alexander Gerschenkron, Ukrainian-American historian, critic, and academic (born 1904)

Deryck Cooke, English musicologist and author (born 1919)

Bidia Dandaron, Russian author and educator (born 1914)

Semyon Budyonny, Marshal of the Soviet Union (born 1883)

Igor Sikorsky, Ukrainian-American engineer and academic, founded Sikorsky Aircraft (born 1889)

Alma Cogan, English singer (born 1932)

Sylvia Likens, American murder victim (born 1949)

Elizabeth Gunn, New Zealand pediatrician (born 1879)

Louise Beavers, American actress (born 1902)

Sadae Inoue, Japanese general (born 1886)

Toshizō Nishio, Japanese general (born 1881)

Gerty Cori, Czech-American biochemist and physiologist, Nobel Prize laureate (born 1896)

Nikos Kazantzakis, Greek philosopher, author, and playwright (born 1883)

Walter Gieseking, French-German pianist and composer (born 1895)

Hattie McDaniel, American actress and singer (born 1895)

Lionel Halsey, English admiral and courtier (born 1872)

Edwin Savage, English priest and author (born 1862)

Ioannis Rallis, Greek lawyer and politician, Prime Minister of Greece (born 1878)

Aleksey Krylov, Russian mathematician and engineer (born 1863)

Paul Pelliot, French sinologist and explorer (born 1878)

Princess Beatrice of the United Kingdom (born 1857)

Hiroyoshi Nishizawa, Japanese lieutenant and pilot (born 1920)

William Temple, English archbishop and theologian (born 1881)

Aurel Stein, Hungarian-English archaeologist and academic (born 1862)

Arkady Gaidar, Russian journalist and author (born 1904)

Józef Dowbor-Muśnicki, Polish general (born 1867)

Margaret Brown, American philanthropist and activist (born 1867)

Charles Comiskey, American baseball player and manager (born 1859)

Waldemar Haffkine, Russian-Swiss physician and microbiologist (born 1860)

Harry Payne Whitney, American businessman and horse breeder (born 1872)

Jūkichi Yagi, Japanese poet (born 1898)

Akashi Motojiro, Japanese general (born 1864)

Itō Hirobumi, Japanese samurai and politician, Prime Minister of Japan (born 1841)

Elizabeth Cady Stanton, American activist (born 1815)

John J. Robison, American politician in Michigan (born 1824)

Paul-Armand Challemel-Lacour, French philosopher, academic, and politician, French Minister of Foreign Affairs (born 1827)

Carlo Collodi, Italian journalist and author (born 1826)

Robert Anderson (Union officer), American general (born 1805)

John Kinder Labatt, Irish-Canadian brewer, founded the Labatt Brewing Company (born 1803)

William T. Anderson, American captain (born 1838)

Nikolaus Joseph von Jacquin, Dutch-Austrian chemist and botanist (born 1727)

John Graves Simcoe, English general and politician, 1st Lieutenant Governor of Upper Canada (born 1752)

Granville Leveson-Gower, 1st Marquess of Stafford, English politician, Lord President of the Council (born 1721)

Amédée-François Frézier, French mathematician, engineer, and explorer (born 1682)

William Hogarth, English painter and engraver (born 1697)

Philip Doddridge, English minister and hymn-writer (born 1702)

Catherine Sedley, Countess of Dorchester (born 1657)

John Egerton, 2nd Earl of Bridgewater, English captain and politician, Lord Lieutenant of Buckinghamshire (born 1623)

William Sprague, English settler, co-founded Charlestown, Massachusetts (born 1609)

Sir John Gell, 1st Baronet, English politician (born 1593)

Horio Tadaharu, Japanese daimyō (born 1596)

Michael Maestlin, German astronomer and mathematician (born 1550)

Matsudaira Tadayori, Japanese samurai and daimyō (born 1582)

Anna of Austria, Queen of Spain (born 1549)

Olympia Fulvia Morata, Italian-German scholar and educator (born 1526)

Gilles de Rais, French lord (born c. 1405)

Gómez González, Castilian nobleman and military leader

Li Qi, chancellor of Later Liang (born 871)

Alfred the Great, English king (born 849)

Cuthbert, archbishop of Canterbury

Cedd, English monk and bishop (born 620)