March 25 in History

Syrian civil war: Following the completion of the Afrin offensive, the Syrian Democratic Forces (SDF) initiate an insurgency against the Turkish occupation of the Afrin District.

Capitol Hill massacre: A gunman kills six people before taking his own life at a party in Seattle's Capitol Hill neighborhood.

Protesters demanding a new election in Belarus, following the rigged 2006 Belarusian presidential election, clash with riot police. Opposition leader Aleksander Kozulin is among several protesters arrested.

The European Union's Veterinarian Committee bans the export of British beef and its by-products as a result of mad cow disease (Bovine spongiform encephalopathy).

WikiWikiWeb, the world's first wiki, and part of the Portland Pattern Repository, is made public by Ward Cunningham.

The Candle demonstration in Bratislava is the first mass demonstration of the 1980s against the communist regime in Czechoslovakia.

The first fully functional Space Shuttle orbiter, Columbia, is delivered to the John F. Kennedy Space Center to be prepared for its first launch.

Faisal of Saudi Arabia is shot and killed by his nephew.

The Army of the Republic of Vietnam abandon an attempt to cut off the Ho Chi Minh trail in Laos.

Civil rights activists led by Martin Luther King Jr. successfully complete their four-day 50-mile (80 km) march from Selma to the capitol in Montgomery, Alabama.

Chain Island is sold by the State of California to Russell Gallaway III, a Sacramento businessman who plans to use it as a "hunting and fishing retreat", for $5,258.20 ($58,072 in 2025).

United States Customs seizes copies of Allen Ginsberg's poem "Howl" on obscenity grounds.

The European Economic Community is established with West Germany, France, Italy, Belgium, Netherlands and Luxembourg as the first members.

More than 92,000 kulaks are suddenly deported from the Baltic states to Siberia.

The first successful tornado forecast predicts that a tornado will strike Tinker Air Force Base, Oklahoma.

An explosion in a coal mine in Centralia, Illinois kills 111.

The Kingdom of Yugoslavia joins the Axis powers with the signing of the Tripartite Pact.

The Tomb of the Unknown Soldier is unveiled in Athens.

The Scottsboro Boys are arrested in Alabama and charged with rape.

On the anniversary of Greek Independence, Alexandros Papanastasiou proclaims the Second Hellenic Republic.

The Tetiev pogrom occurs in Ukraine, becoming the prototype of mass murder during the Holocaust.

The Belarusian People's Republic is established.

The Georgian Orthodox Church restores its autocephaly abolished by Imperial Russia in 1811.

The Greek multi-sport club Aris Thessaloniki is founded in Thessaloniki.

In New York City, the Triangle Shirtwaist Factory fire kills 146 garment workers.

Andrey Yushchinsky is murdered in Kiev, leading to the Beilis affair.

The Greek football club P.A.E. G.S. Diagoras is founded in the city of Rhodes.

Coxey's Army, the first significant American protest march, departs Massillon, Ohio for Washington, D.C.

Last issue of the Bulletin de la Fédération jurassienne, the first or one of the first anarchist newspapers.

American Civil War: In Virginia during the Siege of Petersburg, Confederate forces temporarily capture Fort Stedman from the Union before being repulsed.

New Zealand Legislative Council pass the first Militia Act constituting the New Zealand Army.

Greek War of Independence: Traditional date of the start of the Greek War of Independence. The war had actually begun on 23 February 1821 (Julian calendar).

Percy Bysshe Shelley is expelled from the University of Oxford for publishing the pamphlet The Necessity of Atheism.

The Swansea and Mumbles Railway, then known as the Oystermouth Railway, becomes the first passenger-carrying railway in the world.

The Treaty of Amiens is signed as a "Definitive Treaty of Peace" between France and the United Kingdom.

American Revolutionary War: American Patriots conduct a Raid on Tybee Island, primarily seeking to capture runaway slaves who sought refuge with British forces stationed there.

Daskalogiannis leads the people of Sfakia in the first Greek uprising against the Ottoman rule

Bach's chorale cantata "Wie schön leuchtet der Morgenstern, BWV 1", is first performed on the Feast of the Annunciation, coinciding with Palm Sunday.

A French fleet anchors nears Fife Ness as part of the planned French invasion of Britain.

Saturn's largest moon, Titan, is discovered by Christiaan Huygens.

Sir Walter Raleigh is granted a patent to colonize Virginia.

Jerome Savage takes out a sub-lease to start the Newington Butts Theatre outside London.

Hernán Cortés, entering province of Tabasco, defeats Tabascan Indians.

The Yongle Emperor of Ming China launches the first of his military campaigns against the Mongols, resulting in the fall of the Mongol khan Bunyashiri.

The Council of Pisa convenes, in an attempt to heal the Western Schism.

Robert the Bruce becomes King of Scots (Scotland).

Coronation of Robert of Courtenay as Emperor of the Latin Empire.

The Great German Pilgrimage is attacked on Good Friday by Beduin bandits, suffering heavy losses.

Fatimid caliph al-Hakim bi-Amr Allah assassinates the eunuch chief minister Barjawan and assumes control of the government.

Romanos Lekapenos seizes the Boukoleon Palace in Constantinople and becomes regent of the Byzantine emperor Constantine VII.

Theodosius III resigns the throne to the Byzantine Empire to enter a monastery, allowing Leo III to take the throne and begin the Isaurian dynasty.

Election of Pope Constantine following the death of Pope Sisinnius. He would be the last pope to visit Constantinople until 1967.

Italian city Venice is founded with the dedication of the first church, that of San Giacomo di Rialto on the islet of Rialto.

The Southern Yan capital of Guanggu falls to the Jin dynasty general Liu Yu, ending the Southern Yan dynasty.

Ozan Kabak, Turkish footballer

Mikey Madison, American actress

Justine Dufour-Lapointe, Canadian skier

Jacob Gagan, Australian rugby league player

Sam Johnstone, English footballer

Meg Lanning, Australian cricketer

Scott Malone, English footballer

Mehmet Ekici, Turkish footballer

Alexander Esswein, German footballer

Aly Michalka, American singer-songwriter and guitarist

Scott Sinclair, English footballer

Big Sean, American rapper, singer and songwriter

Ryan Lewis, American music producer

Mitchell Watt, Australian long jumper

Arthur Zeiler, German rugby player

Jacob Bagersted, Danish handball player

Victor Obinna, Nigerian footballer

Nobunari Oda, Japanese figure skater

Hyun-jin Ryu, South Korean baseball player

Marco Belinelli, Italian basketball player

Megan Gibson, American softball player

Kyle Lowry, American basketball player

Mickey Paea, Australian rugby league player

Carmen Rasmusen, Canadian-American singer-songwriter and actress

Diana Rennik, Estonian figure skater

Katharine McPhee, American singer-songwriter and actress

Liam Messam, New Zealand rugby player

Mickaël Hanany, French high jumper

Danica Patrick, American race car driver

Álvaro Saborío, Costa Rican footballer

Jenny Slate, American comedian, actress and author

Casey Neistat, American YouTube personality

Kathrine Sørland, Norwegian fashion model and television presenter

Nate Bargatze, American stand-up comedian and actor

Muriel Hurtis-Houairi, French sprinter

Gennaro Delvecchio, Italian footballer

Teddy Lussi-Modeste, French film director, screenwriter and literature teacher

Natalie Clein, English cellist and educator

Andrew Lindsay, Scottish rower

Francie Bellew, Irish footballer

Lars Figura, German sprinter

Wladimir Klitschko, Ukrainian boxer

Rima Wakarua, New Zealand-Italian rugby player

Ladislav Benýšek, Czech ice hockey player

Melanie Blatt, English singer-songwriter and actress

Erika Heynatz, Papua New Guinean-Australian model and actress

Serge Betsen, Cameroonian-French rugby player

Lark Voorhies, American actress and singer

Michaela Dorfmeister, Austrian skier

Anders Fridén, Swedish singer-songwriter and producer

Bob Sura, American basketball player

Naftali Bennett, Israeli politician, 13th Prime Minister of Israel

Giniel de Villiers, South African racing driver

Phil O'Donnell, Scottish footballer (died 2007)

Stacy Dragila, American pole vaulter and coach

Cammi Granato, American ice hockey player and sportscaster

Sheryl Swoopes, American basketball player and coach

Magnus Larsson, Swedish tennis player

George Chlitsios, Greek conductor and composer

Dale Davis, American basketball player

Cathy Dennis, English singer-songwriter, record producer and actress

Jeffrey Walker, English singer-songwriter and bass player

Matthew Barney, American sculptor and photographer

Doug Stanhope, American comedian and actor

Debi Thomas, American figure skater and physician

Tom Glavine, American baseball player

Humberto Gonzalez, Mexican boxer

Jeff Healey, Canadian singer-songwriter and guitarist (died 2008)

Anton Rogan, Northern Irish footballer

Avery Johnson, American basketball player and coach

Stefka Kostadinova, Bulgarian high jumper

Sarah Jessica Parker, American actress, producer, and designer

Norm Duke, American bowler

Buzz Osborne, American musician

René Meulensteen, Dutch footballer and coach

Ken Wregget, Canadian ice hockey player

Karen Bruce, English dancer and choreographer

Velle Kadalipp, Estonian architect

Andrew O'Connor, British actor, comedian, magician, television presenter and executive producer

Marcia Cross, American actress

David Nuttall, English lawyer and politician

Mark Brooks, American golfer

Mike Aulby, American bowler

Steve Norman, English saxophonist, songwriter, and producer

Peter O'Brien, Australian actor

Brenda Strong, American actress

Susie Bright, American journalist, author, and critic

Lorna Brown, Canadian artist, curator, and writer

Sisy Chen, Taiwanese journalist and politician

María Caridad Colón, Cuban javelin thrower and shot putter

John Ensign, American physician and politician

Ray Tanner, American baseball player and coach

Åsa Torstensson, Swedish politician, 3rd Swedish Minister for Infrastructure

Christina Boxer, English runner and journalist

Kanellos Kanellopoulos, Greek cyclist

Jonathan Michie, English economist and academic

Aleksandr Puchkov, Russian hurdler

Jim Uhls, American screenwriter and producer

Daniel Boulud, French chef and author

Lee Mazzilli, American baseball player, coach, and manager

Thom Loverro, American journalist and author

Christos Ardizoglou, Greek footballer

Robert Fox, English producer and manager

Vesna Pusić, Croatian sociologist and politician, Deputy Prime Minister of Croatia

Haroon Rasheed, Pakistani cricketer and coach

Stephen Dorrell, English soldier and politician, Secretary of State for Health

Antanas Mockus, Colombian mathematician, philosopher, and politician, Mayor of Bogotá

Jumbo Tsuruta, Japanese wrestler (died 2000)

Chuck Greenberg, American saxophonist, songwriter, and producer (died 1995)

Ronnie McDowell, American singer-songwriter

David Paquette, American-New Zealander pianist

Ronnie Flanagan, Northern Irish Chief Constable (Royal Irish Constabulary, Police Service of Northern Ireland)

Sue Klebold, American activist

Bonnie Bedelia, American actress

Michael Stanley, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (died 2021)

Richard Cork, English historian and critic

Elton John, English singer-songwriter, pianist, producer, and actor

Cliff Balsom, English footballer

Daniel Bensaïd, French philosopher and author (died 2010)

Stephen Hunter, American author and critic

Maurice Krafft, French volcanologist (died 1991)

Leila Diniz, Brazilian actress (died 1972)

Paul Michael Glaser, American actor and director

Robert J. Birgeneau, Canadian-American physicist

Aretha Franklin, American singer-songwriter and pianist (died 2018)

Richard O'Brien, English actor and screenwriter

Kim Woodburn, English television host (died 2025)

Gudmund Hernes, Norwegian sociologist and politician, Norwegian Minister of Education and Research

Toni Cade Bambara, American author, academic, and activist (died 1995)

D. C. Fontana, American screenwriter and producer (died 2019)

Hoyt Axton, American singer-songwriter and actor (died 1999)

Daniel Buren, French sculptor and painter

Fritz d'Orey, Brazilian racing driver (died 2020)

Tom Monaghan, American businessman, founded Domino's Pizza

Carl Kaufmann, American-German sprinter (died 2008)

Gabriel Elorde, Filipino boxer (died 1985)

Johnny Burnette, American singer-songwriter (died 1964)

Bernard King, Australian actor and chef (died 2002)

Karlheinz Schreiber, German-Canadian businessman

Gloria Steinem, American feminist activist, co-founded the Women's Media Center

Penelope Gilliatt, English novelist, short story writer, and critic (died 1993)

Wes Santee, American runner (died 2010)

Humphrey Burton, English radio and television host (died 2025)

David Burge, American pianist, composer, and conductor (died 2013)

Carlo Mauri, Italian mountaineer and explorer (died 1982)

Rudy Minarcin, American baseball player and coach (died 2013)

Cecil Taylor, American pianist and composer (died 2018)

Jim Lovell, American captain, pilot, and astronaut (died 2025)

Gunnar Nielsen, Danish runner and typographer (died 1985)

Peter O'Brien, Australian rugby league player (died 2016)

Hans Steinbrenner, German sculptor (died 2008)

P. Shanmugam, Indian politician, 13th Chief Minister of Puducherry (died 2013)

Riz Ortolani, Italian composer and conductor (died 2014)

László Papp, Hungarian boxer (died 2003)

Shirley Jean Rickert, American actress (died 2009)

Jaime Sabines, Mexican poet and politician (died 1999)

Gene Shalit, American journalist and critic (died 2026)

Flannery O'Connor, American short story writer and novelist (died 1964)

Anthony Quinton, Baron Quinton, English physician and philosopher (died 2010)

Kishori Sinha, Indian politician, social activist and advocate (died 2016)

Roberts Blossom, American actor (died 2011)

Machiko Kyō, Japanese actress (died 2019)

Bonnie Guitar, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (died 2019)

Wim van Est, Dutch cyclist (died 2003)

Eileen Ford, American businesswoman, co-founded Ford Models (died 2014)

Nancy Kelly, American actress (died 1995)

Simone Signoret, French actress (died 1985)

Alexandra of Yugoslavia, the last Queen of Yugoslavia (died 1993)

Paul Scott, English author, poet, and playwright (died 1978)

Patrick Troughton, English actor (died 1987)

Usha Mehta, Gandhian and freedom fighter of India (died 2000)

Howard Cosell, American soldier, journalist, and author (died 1995)

S. M. Pandit, Indian painter and educator (died 1993)

Dorothy Squires, Welsh singer (died 1998)

Norman Borlaug, American agronomist and humanitarian, Nobel Prize laureate (died 2009)

Tassos, Greek engraver, etcher and sculptor (died 1985)

Reo Stakis, Cypriot-Scottish businessman, founded Stakis Hotels (died 2001)

Melita Norwood, English civil servant and spy (died 2005)

Jean Vilar, French actor and director (died 1971)

Magda Olivero, Italian soprano (died 2014)

Benzion Netanyahu, Polish-Israeli historian and academic (died 2012)

David Lean, English director, producer, and screenwriter (died 1991)

Jean Sablon, French singer and actor (died 1994)

A. J. P. Taylor, English historian and academic (died 1990)

Albrecht Mertz von Quirnheim, German colonel (died 1944)

Pete Johnson, American boogie-woogie and jazz pianist (died 1967)

Binnie Barnes, English-American actress (died 1998)

Frankie Carle, American pianist and bandleader (died 2001)

Nahum Norbert Glatzer, Ukrainian-American theologian and scholar (died 1990)

Ed Begley, American actor (died 1970)

George Carstairs, Australian rugby league player (died 1966)

François Rozet, French-Canadian actor (died 1994)

Leslie Averill, New Zealand doctor and soldier (died 1981)

Siegfried Handloser, German general and physician (died 1954)

Johannes Villemson, Estonian runner (died 1971)

Jimmy Seed, English international footballer and manager (died 1966)

Béla Bartók, Hungarian pianist and composer (died 1945)

Patrick Henry Bruce, American painter and educator (died 1936)

Mary Webb, English author and poet (died 1927)

Amedee Reyburn, American swimmer and water polo player (died 1920)

František Janda-Suk, Czech discus thrower and shot putter (died 1955)

Walter Little, Canadian politician (died 1961)

Irving Baxter, American high jumper and pole vaulter (died 1957)

Selim Sırrı Tarcan, Turkish educator and politician (died 1957)

Rudolf Rocker, German-American author and activist (died 1958)

Horatio Nelson Jackson, American race car driver and physician (died 1955)

Louis Perrée, French fencer (died 1924)

Bill Lockwood, English cricketer (died 1932)

Gutzon Borglum, American sculptor, designed Mount Rushmore (died 1941)

Arturo Toscanini, Italian-American cellist and conductor (died 1957)

Simon Flexner, American physician and academic (died 1946)

Hendrik Wortman, Dutch civil engineer (died 1939)

Myles Keogh, Irish-American colonel (died 1876)

George Montgomery White, American politician (died 1860)

Clinton L. Merriam, American banker and politician (died 1900)

José de Espronceda, Spanish poet and author (died 1842)

Ernst Heinrich Karl von Dechen, German geologist and academic (died 1889)

Caroline Bonaparte, French daughter of Carlo Buonaparte (died 1839)

Joachim Murat, French general (died 1815)

John Barry, Irish-American naval officer and father of the American navy (died 1803)

Jean-Antoine Houdon, French sculptor and educator (died 1828)

Johann Adolph Hasse, German singer and composer (died 1783)

Paul de Rapin, French soldier and historian (died 1725)

Louis Moréri, French priest and scholar (died 1680)

Henric Piccardt, Dutch lawyer (died 1712)

Evliya Çelebi, Ottoman Turk traveller and writer (died 1682)

Jean de Brébeuf, French-Canadian missionary and saint (died 1649)

Giacomo Castelvetro, Italian writer (died 1616)

John II, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg (died 1622)

Francesco I de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany (died 1587)

Christopher Clavius, German mathematician and astronomer (died 1612)

Guillaume Postel, French linguist (died 1581)

Marie d'Albret, Countess of Rethel (died 1549)

Vasili III of Russia (died 1533)

Eustochia Smeralda Calafato, Italian saint (died 1485)

Thomas Clifford, 8th Baron de Clifford, English noble (died 1455)

John Beaufort, 1st Duke of Somerset, English military leader (died 1444)

Catherine of Siena, Italian philosopher, theologian, and saint (died 1380)

Blanche of Lancaster (died 1369)

Andronikos III Palaiologos, Byzantine emperor (died 1341)

Arnošt of Pardubice, the first Bohemian archbishop (died 1364)

Andronikos II Palaiologos, Byzantine emperor (died 1332)

Conradin, Duke of Swabia (died 1268)

Dash Crofts, American musician (born 1938)

Alexander Kluge, German author, film director and public intellectual (born 1932)

Tapani Kansa, Finnish singer (born 1949)

Terry Manning, American musician and recording engineer (born 1947)

Taylor Hawkins, American drummer and singer (born 1972)

Beverly Cleary, American author (born 1916)

Floyd Cardoz, Indian-born American chef (born 1960)

Barrie Hole, Welsh footballer (born 1942)

Cuthbert Sebastian, St. Kitts and Nevis politician (born 1921)

Shannon Bolin, American actress and singer (born 1917)

George Fischbeck, American journalist and educator (born 1922)

Lorna Arnold, English historian and author (born 1915)

Hank Lauricella, American football player and politician (born 1930)

Jon Lord, Canadian businessman and politician (born 1956)

Sonny Ruberto, American baseball player, coach, and manager (born 1946)

Jonathan Schell, American journalist and author (born 1943)

Ralph Wilson, American businessman, founded the Buffalo Bills (born 1918)

Léonce Bernard, Canadian politician, 26th Lieutenant Governor of Prince Edward Island (born 1943)

Ben Goldfaden, American basketball player and educator (born 1913)

Anthony Lewis, American journalist and academic (born 1927)

Jean Pickering, English runner and long jumper (born 1929)

Jean-Marc Roberts, French author and screenwriter (born 1954)

John F. Wiley, American lieutenant, football player, and coach (born 1920)

Priscilla Buckley, American journalist and author (born 1921)

Hal E. Chester, American actor, director, and producer (born 1921)

John Crosfield, English businessman, founded Crosfield Electronics (born 1915)

Edd Gould, English animator and voice actor, founded Eddsworld (born 1988)

Antonio Tabucchi, Italian author and academic (born 1943)

Johnny Blanchard, American baseball player (born 1933)

Kosuke Koyama, Japanese-American theologian and academic (born 1929)

Dan Seals, American musician (born 1948)

Muhsin Yazıcıoğlu, Turkish politician and member of the Parliament of Turkey (born 1954)

Ben Carnevale, American basketball player and coach (born 1915)

Thierry Gilardi, French journalist and sportscaster (born 1958)

Abby Mann, American screenwriter and producer (born 1927)

Herb Peterson, American businessman, created the McMuffin (born 1919)

Andranik Margaryan, Armenian engineer and politician, 10th Prime Minister of Armenia (born 1951)

Bob Carlos Clarke, Irish photographer (born 1950)

Rocío Dúrcal, Spanish singer and actress (born 1944)

Richard Fleischer, American film director (born 1916)

Buck Owens, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (born 1929)

Paul Henning, American screenwriter and producer (born 1911)

Kenneth Wolstenholme, English journalist and sportscaster (born 1920)

Brian Trubshaw, English cricketer and pilot (born 1924)

Helen Martin, American actress (born 1909)

Cal Ripken, Sr., American baseball player, coach, and manager (born 1936)

Max Green, Australian lawyer (born 1952)

Steven Schiff, American lawyer and politician (born 1947)

James Samuel Coleman, American sociologist and academic (born 1926)

John Hugenholtz, Dutch engineer (born 1914)

Angelines Fernández, Spanish-Mexican actress (born 1922)

Bernard Kangro, Estonian poet and journalist (born 1910)

Max Petitpierre, Swiss jurist and politician (born 1899)

Nancy Walker, American actress, singer, and director (born 1922)

Marcel Lefebvre, French-Swiss archbishop (born 1905)

Robert Joffrey, American dancer, choreographer, and director, co-founded the Joffrey Ballet (born 1930)

A. W. Mailvaganam, Sri Lankan physicist and academic (born 1906)

Gloria Blondell, American actress (born 1910)

Bob Waterfield, American football player and coach (born 1920)

Goodman Ace, American comedian and writer (born 1899)

Milton H. Erickson, American psychiatrist and psychologist (born 1901)

Walter Susskind, Czech-English conductor and educator (born 1913)

Robert Madgwick, Australian colonel and academic (born 1905)

Akinoumi Setsuo, Japanese sumo wrestler, the 37th Yokozuna (born 1914)

Josef Albers, German-American painter and educator (born 1888)

Benjamin Miessner, American radio engineer and inventor (born 1890)

Juan Gaudino, Argentinian race car driver (born 1893)

Faisal of Saudi Arabia, Saudi Arabian king (born 1906)

Deiva Zivarattinam, Indian lawyer and politician (born 1894)

Jakob Sildnik, Estonian photographer and director (born 1883)

Edward Steichen, Luxembourgian-American photographer, painter, and curator (born 1879)

Billy Cotton, English singer, drummer, and bandleader (born 1899)

Max Eastman, American poet and activist (born 1883)

Viola Liuzzo, American civil rights activist (born 1925)

Charles Benjamin Howard, Canadian businessman and politician (born 1885)

Tom Brown, American trombonist (born 1888)

Lou Moore, American race car driver (born 1904)

Robert Newton, English actor (born 1905)

Eddie Collins, American baseball player and manager (born 1887)

William Carr, American rower (born 1876)

Harriet Backer, Norwegian painter (born 1845)

Ganesh Shankar Vidyarthi, Indian journalist and politician (born 1890)

Ida B. Wells, American journalist and activist (born 1862)

Marie-Alphonsine Danil Ghattas, Palestinian Roman Catholic nun; later canonized (born 1843)

Claude Debussy, French composer (born 1862)

Peter Martin, Australian footballer and soldier (born 1875)

Elizabeth Storrs Mead, American academic (born 1832)

Frédéric Mistral, French lexicographer and poet, 1904 Nobel Prize laureate (born 1830)

Durham Stevens, American diplomat (born 1851)

Ernst von Bergmann, Latvian-German surgeon and academic (born 1836)

Wilhelm Marstrand, Danish painter and illustrator (born 1810)

Edward Bates, American politician and lawyer (born 1793)

James Braid, Scottish surgeon (born 1795)

William Colgate, English-American businessman and philanthropist, founded Colgate-Palmolive (born 1783)

Nicolai Wergeland, Norwegian priest, writer and politician (born 1780)

Caspar Wessel, Norwegian-Danish mathematician and cartographer (born 1745)

Novalis, German poet and author (born 1772)

Turlough O'Carolan, Irish harp player and composer (born 1670)

Nicholas Hawksmoor, English architect, designed Easton Neston and Christ Church (born 1661)

Lucy Filippini, Italian teacher and saint (born 1672)

Nehemiah Grew, English anatomist and physiologist (born 1641)

Jean Regnault de Segrais, French poet and novelist (born 1624)

Wenceslaus Hollar, Czech-English painter and etcher (born 1607)

Herman IV, Landgrave of Hesse-Rotenburg, German nobleman (born 1607)

Giambattista Marino, Italian poet and author (born 1569)

Johannes Nucius, German composer and theorist (born 1556)

Olaus Martini, Swedish archbishop (born 1557)

Isabelle de Limeuil, French noble (born 1535)

Ikoma Chikamasa, Japanese daimyō (born 1526)

Marcos de Niza, French friar and explorer (born 1495)

Íñigo López de Mendoza, 1st Marquis of Santillana, Spanish poet and politician (born 1398)

Hosokawa Yoriyuki, Japanese samurai

Kō no Moronao, Japanese samurai

Kō no Moroyasu, Japanese samurai

Alfonso II, king of Portugal (born 1185)

Frederick, duke of Bohemia

Hugh IV, French nobleman

Kenneth III, king of Scotland

Nicodemus of Mammola, Italian monk and saint

Taira no Masakado, Japanese samurai

Li Kening, Chinese general