September 28 in History

The 2023 Rotterdam shootings occurred, during which two people were killed in a shooting and arson incident at a residence in Delfshaven, Rotterdam. Additionally, one person lost their life in a classroom at the Erasmus University Medical Center.

Hurricane Ian makes landfall in Cayo Costa State Park, Florida as a category four hurricane, killing 169 and doing $113 billion in damage, becoming Florida's costliest hurricane and the deadliest in 89 years.

The 7.5 Mw 2018 Sulawesi earthquake, which triggered a large tsunami, leaves 4,340 dead and 10,679 injured.

The 2016 South Australian blackout occurs, lasting up to three days in some areas.

The 2014 Hong Kong protests begin in response to restrictive political reforms imposed by the NPC in Beijing.

Somali and African Union forces launch a coordinated assault on the Somali port of Kismayo to take back the city from al-Shabaab militants.

Sita Air Flight 601 crashes in Madhyapur Thimi, Nepal, killing all 19 passengers and crew.

The military junta leading Guinea attacks a protest rally, killing or wounding 1,400 people.

Falcon 1 becomes the first privately developed liquid-fuel ground-launched vehicle to put a payload into orbit by the RatSat mission.

The Singapore Grand Prix is held as Formula One's inaugural night race, with Fernando Alonso winning the event. Almost a year later it was revealed that Alonso's team-mate Nelson Piquet Jr. had been ordered to crash his car to help bring out the safety car and give Alonso the advantage and win.

Typhoon Xangsane passes over Manila after impacting parts of Southern Luzon and Eastern Visayas, becoming the strongest to affect the Philippine capital in 11 years.

Al-Aqsa Intifada: Ariel Sharon visits Al-Aqsa Mosque known to Jews as the Temple Mount in Jerusalem.

Bob Denard and a group of mercenaries take the islands of the Comoros in a coup.

Israeli Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin and PLO Chairman Yasser Arafat sign the Interim Agreement on the West Bank and the Gaza Strip.

The cruise ferry MS Estonia sinks in the Baltic Sea, killing 852 people.

A Pakistan International Airlines flight crashes into a hill in Nepal, killing all 167 passengers and crew.

The Democratic Progressive Party becomes the first opposition party in Taiwan.

The Spaghetti House siege, in which nine people are taken hostage, takes place in London.

The ITT Building in New York City is bombed in protest at ITT's alleged involvement in the coup d'état in Chile.

Egyptian President Gamal Abdel Nasser dies of a heart attack in Cairo.

A military coup in Damascus effectively ends the United Arab Republic, the union between Egypt and Syria.

Fernando Rios, a Mexican tour guide in New Orleans, dies of injuries sustained in an incident of gay bashing.

CBS makes the first color televisions available for sale to the general public, but the product is discontinued less than a month later.

World War II: Soviet Army troops liberate Klooga concentration camp in Estonia.

World War II: The Drama uprising against the Bulgarian occupation in northern Greece begins.

Ted Williams achieves a .406 batting average for the season, and becomes the last major league baseball player to bat .400 or better.

World War II: Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union agree on a division of Poland.

World War II: The siege of Warsaw comes to an end.

Alexander Fleming notices a bacteria-killing mold growing in his laboratory, discovering what later became known as penicillin.

The first aerial circumnavigation is completed by a team from the US Army.

Race riots begin in Omaha, Nebraska, United States.

World War I: The Fifth Battle of Ypres begins.

The Ulster Covenant is signed by some 500,000 Ulster Unionists in opposition to the Third Irish Home Rule Bill.

Corporal Frank S. Scott of the United States Army becomes the first enlisted man to die in an airplane crash.

Philippine–American War: Filipino guerrillas kill more than forty American soldiers while losing 28 of their own.

The first night game for American football takes place in a contest between Wyoming Seminary and Mansfield State Normal.

The General Conference on Weights and Measures (CGPM) defines the length of a metre.

The Brazilian Parliament passes a law that frees all children thereafter born to slaves, and all government-owned slaves.

The Battle of Alcolea causes Queen Isabella II of Spain to flee to France.

Toronto becomes the capital of Ontario, having also been the capital of Ontario's predecessors since 1796.

Oscar I of Sweden–Norway is crowned king of Sweden.

The Declaration of Independence of the Mexican Empire is drafted. It will be made public on 13 October.

The Congress of the Confederation votes to send the newly written United States Constitution to the state legislatures for approval.

American Revolution: French and American forces backed by a French fleet begin the siege of Yorktown.

American Revolution: Samuel Huntington is elected President of the Continental Congress, succeeding John Jay.

Juan Rodríguez Cabrillo of Portugal arrives at what is now San Diego, California. He is the first European in California.

Ottoman–Venetian War: The Ottoman Navy scores a decisive victory over a Holy League fleet in the Battle of Preveza.

Louis IV, Holy Roman Emperor, defeats Frederick I of Austria in the Battle of Mühldorf.

King James I of Aragon conquers Valencia from the Moors. Shortly thereafter, he proclaims himself king of Valencia.

Queen consort Gertrude of Merania is assassinated by a group of Hungarian lords.

King Henry I of England defeats his brother Robert Curthose at the Battle of Tinchebray.

William the Conqueror lands in England, beginning the Norman conquest.

Boleslaus II, Duke of Bohemia, kills most members of the rival Slavník dynasty.

Duke Wenceslaus I of Bohemia is murdered by a group of nobles led by his brother Boleslaus I, who succeeds him.

Roman usurper Procopius bribes two legions passing by Constantinople, and proclaims himself emperor.

Constantius II defeats the usurper Magnentius.

Pope Pontian resigns. He is exiled to the mines of Sardinia, along with Hippolytus of Rome.

Pompey disembarks at Pelusium upon arriving in Egypt, whereupon he is assassinated by order of King Ptolemy XIII.

Isack Hadjar, French-Algerian racing driver

Frankie Jonas, American actor, singer, and songwriter

Kayla Day, American tennis player

Panna Udvardy, Hungarian tennis player

Aiden Moffat, British race car driver

Juancho Hernangómez, Spanish basketball player

Caleb Martin, American basketball player

Cody Martin, American basketball player

Jason Williams, English footballer

Jodie Williams, English sprinter

Khem Birch, Canadian basketball player

Keir Gilchrist, Canadian actor and musician

Alex Landi, American actor

Paula Ormaechea, Argentine tennis player

Adam Thompson, English-Northern Irish footballer

Kōko Tsurumi, Japanese gymnast

Eddie Rosario, Puerto Rican baseball player

Elvyonn Bailey, American sprinter

Phoenix Battye, Australian rugby player

Çağla Büyükakçay, Turkish tennis player

Darius Johnson-Odom, American basketball player

Mark Randall, English footballer

Marin Čilić, Croatian tennis player

Esmée Denters, Dutch singer-songwriter

Jason Jordan, American wrestler

Olivia Jordan, American actress, model, television host, and beauty pageant titleholder

Hana Mae Lee, American actress, model, and fashion designer

Aleks Vrteski, Australian footballer

Worakls, French DJ and electronic musician

Pierre Becken, German footballer

Gary Deegan, Irish footballer

Hilary Duff, American singer-songwriter and actress

Chloë Hanslip, English violinist

Viktoria Leks, Estonian high jumper

Andrés Guardado, Mexican footballer

Meskerem Legesse, Ethiopian runner (died 2013)

Daniel Platzman, American musician

Dominic Waters, American basketball player

Shindong, South Korean singer-songwriter and dancer

Alina Ibragimova, Russian-English violinist

Jenny Omnichord, Canadian singer-songwriter

Luke Pomersbach, Australian cricketer

Naim Terbunja, Kosovan-Swedish boxer

Melody Thornton, American singer-songwriter and dancer

Mathieu Valbuena, French footballer

Ryan Zimmerman, American baseball player

Stefan Moore, English footballer

John Schwalger, New Zealand rugby player

Aleksandr Anyukov, Russian footballer

Abhinav Bindra, Indian target shooter

Ray Emery, Canadian ice hockey player (died 2018)

Ranbir Kapoor, Indian actor and director

Nolwenn Leroy, French singer-songwriter and actress

Emeka Okafor, American basketball player

Dustin Penner, Canadian ice hockey player

Aivar Rehemaa, Estonian skier

Anderson Varejão, Brazilian basketball player

St. Vincent, American singer-songwriter and guitarist

Greg Anderson, American pianist and composer

Willy Caballero, Argentine footballer

José Calderón, Spanish basketball player

Jorge Guagua, Ecuadorian footballer

Jerrika Hinton, American actress

Iracema Trevisan, Brazilian bass player

Marlon Parmer, American basketball player

Bam Margera, American skateboarder, actor, and stuntman

Taki Tsan, American-Greek rapper and producer

Peter Cambor, American actor

Ben Edmondson, Australian cricketer

Pak Se-ri, South Korean golfer

Young Jeezy, American rapper

Fedor Emelianenko, Russian mixed martial artist and politician

Bonzi Wells, American basketball player

Stuart Clark, Australian cricketer and manager

Isamu Jordan, American journalist and academic (died 2013)

Lenny Krayzelburg, Russian-American swimmer

Marco Di Loreto, Italian footballer and manager

Mariya Kiselyova, Russian swimmer

Joonas Kolkka, Finnish footballer and coach

Shane Webcke, Australian rugby league player and coach

Brian Rafalski, American ice hockey player

Leila McKinnon, Iranian-Australian journalist and television host

Dita Von Teese, American model and dancer

Joseph Arthur, American singer-songwriter and guitarist

George Eustice, English lawyer and politician

Braam van Straaten, South African rugby player

Alan Wright, English footballer and manager

Kimiko Date, Japanese tennis player

Mike DeJean, American baseball player

Gualter Salles, Brazilian race car driver

Kerri Chandler, electronic music producer and DJ

Marcel Dost, Dutch decathlete

Ben Greenman, American journalist and author

Piper Kerman, American author and memoirist

Éric Lapointe, Canadian singer-songwriter and keyboard player

Sascha Maassen, German race car driver

Angus Robertson, Scottish politician

Nico Vaesen, Belgian footballer

Francois Botha, South African boxer and mixed martial artist

Mika Häkkinen, Finnish race car driver

Trish Keenan, English singer-songwriter and guitarist (died 2011)

Sean Levert, American R&B singer-songwriter and actor (died 2008)

Rob Moroso, American race car driver (died 1990)

Naomi Watts, English-Australian actress and producer

Mira Sorvino, American actress

Moon Zappa, American actress and author

Scott Adams, American football player (died 2013)

Maria Canals-Barrera, Cuban-American actress

Puri Jagannadh, Indian director, producer, and screenwriter

B.G., the Prince of Rap, American rapper (died 2023)

Claudio Borghi, Argentinian footballer and manager

Gregor Fisken, Scottish race car driver

Janeane Garofalo, American comedian, actress, and screenwriter

Paul Jewell, English footballer and manager

Mārtiņš Roze, Latvian lawyer and politician (died 2012)

Steve Blackman, American wrestler and martial artist

Érik Comas, French race car driver

Johnny Dawkins, American basketball player and coach

Greg Weisman, American voice actor, producer, and screenwriter

Grant Fuhr, Canadian ice hockey player and coach

Laurie Rinker, American golfer

Dietmar Schacht, German footballer and manager

Chuck Taylor, American journalist

Helen Grant, English lawyer and politician, Minister for Sport and the Olympics

Gregory Jbara, American actor and singer

Quentin Kawānanakoa, American lawyer and politician

Anne White, American tennis player

Gary Ayres, Australian footballer and coach

Tom Byrum, American golfer

Frank Hammerschlag, German footballer and manager

Gus Logie, Trinidadian cricketer

Kamlesh Patel, Baron Patel of Bradford, English politician

Jennifer Rush, American singer-songwriter

Socrates Villegas, Filipino archbishop

Laura Bruce, American artist

Ron Fellows, Canadian race car driver

Bill Cassidy, American politician and physician

Stéphane Dion, Canadian sociologist and politician, 15th Canadian Minister of the Environment

Mercy Manci, Xhosa sangoma and HIV activist from South Africa

Kenny Kirkland, American pianist (died 1998)

Steve Largent, American football player and politician

George Lynch, American guitarist and songwriter

John Scott, English rugby player

Margot Wallström, Swedish politician and diplomat, 42nd Swedish Minister for Foreign Affairs

Otmar Hasler, Liechtensteiner educator and politician, 11th Prime Minister of Liechtenstein

Christopher Buckley, American satirical novelist

Efthimis Kioumourtzoglou, Greek basketball player and coach

Sylvia Kristel, Dutch model and actress (died 2012)

Andy Ward, English drummer

Jim Diamond, Scottish singer-songwriter and musician (died 2015)

Paul Burgess, English drummer

Christina Hoff Sommers, American author and philosopher

John Sayles, American novelist, director, and screenwriter

Jim Henshaw, Canadian actor, producer, and screenwriter

Vernee Watson-Johnson, American actress

Bob Carr, Australian journalist and politician, 37th Australian Minister of Foreign Affairs

Sheikh Hasina, Bangladeshi politician, 10th Prime Minister of Bangladesh

Jon Snow, English journalist and academic

Rhonda Hughes, American mathematician and academic

Tom Bower, English journalist and author

Jeffrey Jones, American actor

Majid Khan, Indian-Pakistani cricketer

Marielle Goitschel, French skier

Manolis Rasoulis, Greek singer-songwriter and journalist (died 2011)

Fusako Shigenobu, Japanese activist, founded the Japanese Red Army

Richie Karl, American golfer

Marcia Muller, American journalist and author

Warren Lieberfarb, American businessman

George W. S. Trow, American novelist, playwright, and critic (died 2006)

Nick St. Nicholas, German-Canadian bass player

Pierre Clémenti, French actor, director, producer, and screenwriter (died 1999)

Edward "Little Buster" Forehand, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (died 2006)

David Lewis, American philosopher and academic (died 2001)

Edmund Stoiber, German lawyer and politician, Minister President of Bavaria

Charley Taylor, American football player (died 2022)

Stuart Kauffman, American biologist and academic

Ben E. King, American singer-songwriter and producer (died 2015)

Alice Mahon, English trade union leader and politician (died 2022)

Glenn Sutton, American country music songwriter and record producer (died 2007)

Emmett Chapman, American guitarist, invented the Chapman Stick (died 2021)

Eddie Lumsden, Australian rugby league player (died 2019)

Robert Wolders, Dutch television actor (died 2018)

Bruce Crampton, Australian golfer

David Hannay, Baron Hannay of Chiswick, English diplomat, British Permanent Representative to the United Nations

Ronald Lacey, English actor (died 1991)

Brigitte Bardot, French actress and animal rights activist (died 2025)

Joe Benton, English soldier and politician

Miguel Ortiz Berrocal, Spanish sculptor and educator (died 2006)

Johnny "Country" Mathis, American singer-songwriter (died 2011)

Jeremy Isaacs, Scottish screenwriter and producer

Víctor Jara, Chilean singer-songwriter, poet, and director (died 1973)

Tommy Collins, American country music singer-songwriter (died 2000)

Immanuel Wallerstein, American sociologist, author, and academic (died 2019)

Lata Mangeshkar, Indian playback singer and composer (died 2022)

Koko Taylor, American singer (died 2009)

Jerry Clower, American soldier, comedian, and author (died 1998)

Bonnie Leman, American art historian, writer, and publisher of Quilter's Newsletter Magazine (died 2010)

Seymour Cray, American computer scientist, founded the CRAY Computer Company (died 1996)

Cromwell Everson, South African composer (died 1991)

Martin David Kruskal, American physicist and mathematician (died 2006)

Rudolf Barshai, Russian-Swiss viola player and conductor (died 2010)

Marcello Mastroianni, Italian-French actor and singer (died 1996)

Tuli Kupferberg, American singer, poet, and writer (died 2010)

John Scott, 9th Duke of Buccleuch, Scottish captain and politician, Lord Lieutenant of Selkirkshire (died 2007)

William Windom, American actor (died 2012)

Liv Dommersnes, Norwegian actress (died 2014)

Larry Munson, American sportscaster (died 2011)

Jules Sedney, Prime Minister of Suriname (died 2020)

Doris Singleton, American actress (died 2012)

Ángel Labruna, Argentinian footballer and manager (died 1983)

Arnold Stang, American actor (died 2009)

Wee Chong Jin, Singaporean judge (died 2005)

Peter Finch, English-Australian actor (died 1977)

Olga Lepeshinskaya, Ukrainian-Russian ballerina and educator (died 2008)

Ethel Rosenberg, American spy (died 1953)

Maria Franziska von Trapp, Austrian-American refugee and singer (died 2014)

Warja Honegger-Lavater, Swiss illustrator (died 2007)

Alice Marble, American tennis player (died 1990)

Diosdado Macapagal, Filipino lawyer and politician, 9th President of the Philippines (died 1997)

Wenceslao Vinzons, Filipino lawyer and politician (died 1942)

Al Capp, American author and illustrator (died 1979)

Heikki Savolainen, Finnish gymnast and physician (died 1997)

Bhagat Singh, Indian activist (died 1931)

Max Schmeling, German boxer (died 2005)

Haywood S. Hansell, American general (died 1988)

William S. Paley, American broadcaster, founded CBS (died 1990)

Ed Sullivan, American television host (died 1974)

Isabel Pell, American socialite, fought as part of the French Resistance during WWII (died 1951)

Carl Clauberg, German Nazi physician (died 1957)

Mijo Mirković, Croatian economist and author (died 1963)

Hilda Geiringer, Austrian mathematician (died 1973)

Giannis Skarimpas, Greek author, poet, and playwright (died 1984)

Elmer Rice, American playwright (died 1967)

Florence Violet McKenzie, Australian electrical engineer (died 1982)

Jack Fournier, American baseball player and coach (died 1973)

Avery Brundage, American businessman, 5th President of the International Olympic Committee (died 1975)

Emil Väre, Finnish wrestler, coach, and referee (died 1974)

Albert Peyriguère, French priest, hermit and ethnologist (died 1959)

Mart Saar, Estonian organist and composer (died 1963)

Pedro de Cordoba, American actor (died 1950)

Joseph Ruddy, American swimmer and water polo player (died 1962)

Albert Young, American boxer and promoter (died 1940)

Florent Schmitt, French composer and critic (died 1958)

Hiranuma Kiichirō, Japanese lawyer and politician, 35th Prime Minister of Japan (died 1952)

James Edwin Campbell, American educator, school administrator, newspaper editor, poet, and essayist (died 1896)

Oscar Tschirky, Swiss-born American restaurateur (died 1950)

Amélie of Orléans, Queen Consort of Carlos I of Portugal (died 1951)

Paul Ulrich Villard, French chemist and physicist (died 1934)

Kate Douglas Wiggin, American author and educator (died 1923)

Henri Moissan, French chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (died 1907)

Isis Pogson, British astronomer and meteorologist (died 1945)

John French, 1st Earl of Ypres, British Army officer (died 1925)

Robert Stout, Scottish-New Zealand lawyer and politician, 13th Prime Minister of New Zealand (died 1930)

Georges Clemenceau, French journalist, physician, and politician, 85th Prime Minister of France (died 1929)

Thomas Crapper, English plumber, invented the ballcock (died 1910)

Francis Turner Palgrave, English poet and critic (died 1897)

Alexandre Cabanel, French painter and educator (died 1889)

Jonathan Clarkson Gibbs, American minister and politician (died 1874)

Narcís Monturiol, Spanish engineer and publisher (died 1885)

Alvan Wentworth Chapman, American physician and botanist (died 1899)

Prosper Mérimée, French archaeologist, historian, and author (died 1870)

Frederick Christian II, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Augustenburg (died 1814)

William Jones, English-Welsh philologist and scholar (died 1794)

Augustus FitzRoy, 3rd Duke of Grafton, English academic and politician, Prime Minister of Great Britain (died 1811)

Henry Fox, 1st Baron Holland, English politician, Secretary of State for the Southern Department (died 1774)

Johann Peter Kellner, German organist and composer (died 1772)

Johann Mattheson, German composer, lexicographer, and diplomat (died 1764)

Ismaël Bullialdus, French astronomer and mathematician (died 1694)

Théodore de Mayerne, Swiss physician (died 1654)

Henri de La Tour d'Auvergne, Marshal of France (died 1623)

Agnolo Firenzuola, Italian poet and playwright (died 1545)

Javanshir, King of Caucasian Albania (died 680)

Confucius, Chinese teacher, editor, politician, and philosopher of the Spring and Autumn period of Chinese history. (died 479 BC)

Winfield Dunn, American politician, 43rd Governor of Tennessee (born 1927)

Drake Hogestyn, American actor (born 1953)

Kris Kristofferson, American singer, songwriter, and actor (born 1936)

Coolio, American rapper (born 1963)

José José, Mexican musician and singer (born 1948)

Predrag Ejdus, Serbian actor (born 1947)

Daniel Pe'er, Israeli television host and newsreader (born 1943)

Agnes Nixon, American television writer and director (born 1922)

Gary Glasberg, American television writer and producer (born 1966)

Shimon Peres, Polish-Israeli statesman and politician, 9th President of Israel (born 1923)

Gloria Naylor, American novelist (born 1950)

Alexander Faris, Irish composer and conductor (born 1921)

Walter Dale Miller, American rancher and politician, 29th Governor of South Dakota (born 1925)

Ignacio Zoco, Spanish footballer (born 1939)

Dannie Abse, Welsh physician, poet, and author (born 1923)

Joseph H. Alexander, American colonel and historian (born 1938)

Sheila Faith, English dentist and politician (born 1928)

Tim Rawlings, English footballer and manager (born 1932)

Petr Skoumal, Czech pianist and composer (born 1938)

James Emanuel, American-French poet and scholar (born 1921)

Jonathan Fellows-Smith, South African cricketer and rugby player (born 1932)

George Amon Webster, American singer and pianist (born 1945)

Avraham Adan, Israeli general (born 1926)

Chris Economaki, American journalist and sportscaster (born 1920)

Brajesh Mishra, Indian politician and diplomat, 1st Indian National Security Advisor (born 1928)

Kurt Albert, German mountaineer and photographer (born 1954)

Arthur Penn, American director and producer (born 1922)

Dolores Wilson, American soprano and actress (born 1928)

Guillermo Endara, Panamanian lawyer and politician, 32nd President of Panama (born 1936)

Ulf Larsson, Swedish actor and director (born 1956)

René Desmaison, French mountaineer (born 1930)

Wally Parks, American businessman, founded the National Hot Rod Association (born 1913)

Constance Baker Motley, American lawyer, judge, and politician (born 1921)

Geoffrey Beene, American fashion designer (born 1924)

Althea Gibson, American tennis player and golfer (born 1927)

Elia Kazan, American director, producer, and screenwriter (born 1909)

George Odlum, Saint Lucian politician and diplomat (born 1934)

Patsy Mink, American lawyer and politician (born 1927)

Hartland Molson, Canadian captain and politician (born 1907)

Pierre Trudeau, Canadian journalist, lawyer, and politician, 15th Prime Minister of Canada (born 1919)

Escott Reid, Canadian academic and diplomat (born 1905)

Urmas Alender, Estonian singer (born 1953)

José Francisco Ruiz Massieu, Mexican lawyer and politician, 6th Governor of Guerrero (born 1946)

Harry Saltzman, Canadian production manager and producer (born 1915)

K. A. Thangavelu, Indian film actor and comedian (born 1917)

Peter De Vries, American editor and novelist (born 1910)

Alexander A. Drabik, American sergeant (born 1910)

Miles Davis, American trumpet player, composer, and bandleader (born 1926)

Larry O'Brien, American businessman and politician, 57th United States Postmaster General (born 1917)

Ferdinand Marcos, Filipino lawyer and politician, 10th President of the Philippines (born 1917)

Cihad Baban, Turkish journalist, author, and politician (born 1911)

Mabel Albertson, American actress (born 1901)

Rómulo Betancourt, Venezuelan journalist and politician, President of Venezuela (born 1908)

John Herbert Chapman, Canadian physicist and engineer (born 1921)

Pope John Paul I (born 1912)

John Dos Passos, American novelist, poet, essayist, and playwright (born 1896)

Gamal Abdel Nasser, Egyptian colonel and politician, 2nd President of Egypt (born 1918)

André Breton, French author and poet (born 1896)

Harpo Marx, American comedian, actor, and singer (born 1888)

Roger Nimier, French soldier and author (born 1925)

Rudolf Caracciola, German race car driver (born 1901)

Luis Cluzeau Mortet, Uruguayan violinist and composer (born 1888)

William Boeing, American businessman, founded the Boeing Company (born 1881)

Edwin Hubble, American astronomer and scholar (born 1889)

Archbishop Chrysanthus of Athens (born 1881)

Sam Ruben, American chemist and academic (born 1913)

Filippo Illuminato, Italian partisan, Gold Medal of Military Valour (born 1930)

Marion Miley, American golfer, ranked No. 1 in the United States (born 1914)

Charles Duryea, American engineer and businessman, founded the Duryea Motor Wagon Company (born 1861)

William Kennedy Dickson, French-Scottish actor, director, and producer, invented the Kinetoscope (born 1860)

Paul Vermoyal, French actor (born 1888)

Yu Gwan-sun, Korean independence activist (born 1902)

Georg Simmel, German sociologist and philosopher (born 1858)

Freddie Stowers, American soldier, Medal of Honor recipient (born 1896)

Saitō Hajime, Japanese samurai (born 1844)

Richard Warren Sears, American businessman, co-founded Sears (born 1863)

Lafcadio Hearn, Greek-Japanese historian and author (born 1850)

John Marks Moore, American politician and attorney (born 1853)

Giovanni Segantini, Austrian painter (born 1858)

Louis Pasteur, French chemist and microbiologist (born 1822)

Annie Feray Mutrie, British painter (born 1826)

Herman Melville, American author and poet (born 1819)

Amunda Kolderup, Norwegian opera singer (born 1846)

Émile Gaboriau, French journalist and author (born 1832)

Carl Ritter, German geographer and academic (born 1779)

Pyotr Aleksandrovich Tolstoy, Russian general and politician (born 1769)

Nikolay Raevsky, Russian general and politician (born 1771)

Christoph Franz von Buseck, Prince-Bishop of Bamberg (born 1724)

Jean Baptiste Massillon, French bishop (born 1663)

Robert Spencer, 2nd Earl of Sunderland, French-English lawyer and politician, Lord President of the Council (born 1640)

Gabriel Mouton, French mathematician and theologian (born 1618)

Francis Turretin, Swiss-Italian theologian and academic (born 1623)

Josuah Sylvester, English poet and translator (born 1563)

Margaret Clifford, countess of Derby (born 1540)

George Buchanan, Scottish historian and scholar (born 1506)

Cymburgis of Masovia, duchess consort of Austria (born 1394)

Elizabeth of Bohemia, queen consort of Bohemia (born 1292)

Gertrude of Merania, queen consort of Hungary (born 1185)

Henry VI, Holy Roman Emperor (born 1165)

Minamoto no Hiromasa, Japanese nobleman (born 918)

Wenceslaus I, duke of Bohemia (born c. 907)

Leoba, Anglo-Saxon nun (born c. 710)

Rabbi Akiva, Jewish sage, martyr. (born c. 50)

Pompey, Roman general and politician (born 106 BC)