September 12 in History

Siberian Light Aviation Flight 51 crashes short of the runway at Kazachinskoye Airport, killing four.

Synagogue Church building collapse saw the deaths of 115 people and several injured, in the Church run by Nigeria's, T. B. Joshua.

NASA confirms that its Voyager 1 probe has become the first manmade object to enter interstellar space.

Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky Air Flight 251 crashes on approach to Palana Airport, killing 10 and injuring four.

The 2008 Chatsworth train collision in Los Angeles between a Metrolink commuter train and a Union Pacific freight train kills 25 people.

Former Philippine President Joseph Estrada is convicted of plunder.

Two earthquakes measuring 8.4 and 7.9 on the Richter Scale hits the Indonesian island of Sumatra, killing 25 people and injuring 161.

Israeli–Palestinian conflict: the Israeli disengagement from Gaza is completed, leaving some 2,530 homes demolished.

The United Nations lifts sanctions against Libya after that country agreed to accept responsibility and recompense the families of victims in the 1988 bombing of Pan Am Flight 103.

Iraq War: In Fallujah, U.S. forces mistakenly shoot and kill eight Iraqi police officers.

Typhoon Maemi, the strongest recorded typhoon to strike South Korea, made landfall near Busan.

Ansett Australia, Australia's first commercial interstate airline, collapses due to increased strain on the international airline industry, leaving 10,000 people unemployed.

Frank Eugene Corder fatally crashes a single-engine Cessna 150 into the White House's south lawn, striking the West wing. There were no other casualties.

NASA launches Space Shuttle Discovery on STS-51.

NASA launches Space Shuttle Endeavour on STS-47 which marked the 50th shuttle mission. On board are Mae Carol Jemison, the first African-American woman in space, Mamoru Mohri, the first Japanese citizen to fly in a US spaceship, and Mark Lee and Jan Davis, the first married couple in space.

Abimael Guzmán, leader of the Shining Path, is captured by Peruvian special forces; shortly thereafter the rest of Shining Path's leadership fell as well.

NASA launches Space Shuttle Discovery on STS-48 to deploy the Upper Atmosphere Research Satellite.

The two German states and the Four Powers sign the Treaty on the Final Settlement with Respect to Germany in Moscow, paving the way for German reunification.

The Red Cross organizations of mainland China and Taiwan sign Kinmen Agreement on repatriation of illegal immigrants and criminal suspects after two days of talks in Kinmen, Fujian Province in response to the two tragedies in repatriation in the previous two months. It is the first agreement reached by private organizations across the Taiwan Strait.

Hurricane Gilbert devastates Jamaica; it turns towards Mexico's Yucatán Peninsula two days later, causing an estimated $5 billion in damage.

Dwight Gooden sets the baseball record for strikeouts in a season by a rookie with 276, previously set by Herb Score with 246 in 1954. Gooden's 276 strikeouts that season, pitched in 218 innings, set the current record.

A Wells Fargo depot in West Hartford, Connecticut, United States, is robbed of approximately US$7 million by Los Macheteros.

The USSR vetoes a United Nations Security Council Resolution deploring the Soviet destruction of Korean Air Lines Flight 007.

The 43rd government of Turkey is overthrown in a coup d'état led by General Kenan Evren.

South African anti-apartheid activist Steve Biko dies in police custody.

Emperor Haile Selassie of Ethiopia, 'Messiah' of the Rastafari movement, is deposed following a military coup by the Derg, ending a reign of 58 years.

Dawson's Field hijackings: Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine terrorists blow up three hijacked airliners in Zarqa, Jordan, continuing to hold the passengers hostage in various undisclosed locations in Amman.

Philippine Air Lines Flight 158 crashes in Antipolo, near Manila International Airport in the Philippines, killing 45 people.

Gemini 11, the penultimate mission of NASA's Gemini program, and the current human altitude record holder (except for the Apollo lunar missions).

US President John F. Kennedy delivers his "We choose to go to the Moon" speech at Rice University.

The African and Malagasy Union is founded.

Air France Flight 2005 crashes near Rabat–Salé Airport, in Rabat, Morocco, killing 77 people.

The Soviet Union launches a large rocket, Lunik II, at the Moon.

Bonanza, the first regularly scheduled TV program presented in color, is launched in the United States.

Jack Kilby demonstrates the first working integrated circuit while working at Texas Instruments.

U.S. Senator and future President John Fitzgerald Kennedy marries Jacqueline Lee Bouvier at St. Mary's Church in Newport, Rhode Island.

World War II: The liberation of Yugoslavia from Axis occupation continues. Bajina Bašta in western Serbia is among the liberated cities.

World War II: Benito Mussolini is rescued from house arrest by German commando forces led by Otto Skorzeny.

World War II: RMS Laconia, carrying civilians, Allied soldiers and Italian POWs is torpedoed off the coast of West Africa and sinks with a heavy loss of life.

World War II: First day of the Battle of Edson's Ridge during the Guadalcanal Campaign. U.S. Marines protecting Henderson Field are attacked by Imperial Japanese Army troops.

Cave paintings are discovered in Lascaux, France.

The Hercules Powder plant disaster in the United States kills 51 people and injures over 200.

Adolf Hitler demands autonomy and self-determination for the Germans of the Sudetenland region of Czechoslovakia.

Leó Szilárd, waiting for a red light on Southampton Row in Bloomsbury, conceives the idea of the nuclear chain reaction.

Southern Rhodesia, today called Zimbabwe, is annexed by the United Kingdom.

French soldiers rescue over 4,000 Armenian genocide survivors stranded on Musa Dagh.

Premiere performance of Gustav Mahler's Symphony No. 8 in Munich (with a chorus of 852 singers and an orchestra of 171 players. Mahler's rehearsal assistant conductor was Bruno Walter).

The Newport Transporter Bridge is opened in Newport, South Wales by Viscount Tredegar.

Tirah campaign: In the Battle of Saragarhi, ten thousand Pashtun tribesmen suffer several hundred casualties while attacking 21 Sikh soldiers in British service.

Salisbury, Rhodesia, is founded.

Arbroath 36–0 Bon Accord, a world record scoreline in professional association football.

The SS Central America sinks about 160 miles east of Cape Hatteras, North Carolina, drowning a total of 426 passengers and crew, including Captain William Lewis Herndon. The ship was carrying 13–15 tons of gold from the California gold rush.

A new constitution marks the establishment of Switzerland as a federal state.

Mexican–American War: the Battle of Chapultepec begins.

Battle of North Point: an American detachment halts the British land advance to Baltimore in the War of 1812.

Austro-Ottoman War: Battle of Vienna: Several European armies join forces to defeat the Ottoman Empire.

A gunpowder factory explodes in Valletta, Malta, killing 22 people and damaging several buildings.

Henry Hudson begins his exploration of the Hudson River while aboard the Halve Maen.

The First siege of Gibraltar takes place in the context of the Spanish Reconquista pitting the forces of the Kingdom of Castile against the Emirate of Granada resulting in a Castilian victory.

The Treaty of Alcañices, mediated by the pope, between the king Denis of Portugal and king Ferdinand IV of Castile defines the border between the two countries and establishes an alliance of friendship.

Battle of Portopí: The Aragonese army under the command of James I of Aragon disembarks at Santa Ponça, Mallorca, with the purpose of conquering the island.

Albigensian Crusade: Simon de Montfort, 5th Earl of Leicester, defeats Peter II of Aragon at the Battle of Muret.

Sixteen Kingdoms: Sima Yao, age 10, succeeds his father Emperor Jianwen as Emperor Xiaowu of the Eastern Jin dynasty.

Battle of Marathon: The conventionally accepted date for the Battle of Marathon. The Athenians and their Plataean allies defeat the first Persian invasion force of Greece.

Ziaire Williams, American basketball player

Jerome Ford, American football player

Sydney Sweeney, American actress

Almida de Val, Swedish curler

Colin Ford, American actor

Steven Gardiner, Bahamian sprinter

Druski, American comedian and actor

RM, South Korean rapper, songwriter and record producer

Elina Svitolina, Ukrainian tennis player

Kelsea Ballerini, American country pop singer

Alexia Fast, Canadian actress

Sviatlana Pirazhenka, Belarusian tennis player

Mike Towell, Scottish professional boxer (died 2016)

Scott Wootton, English footballer

Freddie Freeman, American-Canadian baseball player

Andrew Luck, American football player

Amanda Jenssen, Swedish singer-songwriter and guitarist

Guðmundur Ari Sigurjónsson, Icelandic politician

Alfie Allen, English actor

Joanne Jackson, English swimmer

Yuto Nagatomo, Japanese footballer

Dimitrios Regas, Greek sprinter

Emmy Rossum, American singer and actress

Nashat Akram, Iraqi footballer

Chelsea Carey, Canadian curler

Petra Marklund, Swedish singer

Tom Geißler, German footballer

Daniel Muir, American football player

Sergio Parisse, Argentinian-Italian rugby player

Clayton Richard, American baseball player

Carly Smithson, Irish singer-songwriter

Niels Tas, Belgian politician

Zoran Planinić, Croatian basketball player

Sal Rinauro, American wrestler

Jennifer Hudson, American singer and actress

Staciana Stitts, American swimmer

Sean Burroughs, American baseball player (died 2024)

Fernando César de Souza, Brazilian footballer

Yao Ming, Chinese basketball player

Kevin Sinfield, English rugby player

Josef Vašíček, Czech ice hockey player (died 2011)

Elisabetta Canalis, Italian model and actress

Benjamin McKenzie, American actor

Ruben Studdard, American R&B, pop, and gospel singer

Nathan Bracken, Australian cricketer

Grant Denyer, Australian racing driver and journalist

Jeff Irwin, American singer-songwriter and producer

David Thompson, English footballer

Lauren Stamile, American actress

Maciej Żurawski, Polish footballer

Luis Castillo, Dominican baseball player

Bill Kirby, Australian swimmer and coach

Caroline Aigle, French soldier and pilot (died 2007)

Jennifer Nettles, American singer-songwriter

Guy Smith, English race car driver

Kenichi Suzumura, Japanese voice actor and singer-songwriter

Nuno Valente, Portuguese footballer and coach

Kara David, Filipino journalist and documentarian

Martina Ertl-Renz, German skier

Martin Lapointe, Canadian ice hockey player and coach

Paul Walker, American actor (died 2013)

Gideon Emery, English-American actor, producer, and screenwriter

Paul Green, Australian rugby league player and coach (died 2022)

Sidney Souza, Brazilian footballer

Younes El Aynaoui, Moroccan tennis player

Shocker, Mexican wrestler

Will Chase, American actor, director, and singer

Nathan Larson, American singer-songwriter and guitarist

Max Boot, Russian-American historian and author

Ángel Cabrera, Argentinian golfer

James Frey, American author and screenwriter

Shigeki Maruyama, Japanese golfer

Larry LaLonde, American guitarist and songwriter

Nicholas Russell, 6th Earl Russell, English politician (died 2014)

Richard Snell, South African cricketer and physiotherapist

Paul F. Tompkins, American comedian, actor, and writer

Louis C.K., American comedian, actor, producer, and screenwriter

Pat Listach, American baseball player, coach, and manager

Darren E. Burrows, American actor

Ben Folds, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer

Vezio Sacratini, Canadian ice hockey player

Einstein Kristiansen, Norwegian animator and producer

Vernon Maxwell, American basketball player

Midnight, Jamaican wrestler

Greg Gutfeld, American television journalist and author

Dieter Hecking, German footballer and manager

Sunay Akın, Turkish poet, journalist, and philanthropist

Amy Yasbeck, American actress

Mylène Farmer, Canadian-French singer-songwriter, producer, and actress

Road Warrior Animal, American wrestler (died 2020)

Evan Jenkins, American academic and politician

Stefanos Korkolis, Greek pianist and composer

Scott Brown, American colonel and politician

Deron Cherry, American football player and sportscaster

Sigmar Gabriel, German educator and politician, 17th Vice-Chancellor of Germany

Wilfred Benítez, American boxer

Gregg Edelman, American actor and singer

Paul M. Sharp, British academic and educator

Jan Egeland, Norwegian politician, diplomat and humanitarian

Rachel Ward, English-Australian actress

Hans Zimmer, German composer and producer

Leslie Cheung, Hong Kong singer-songwriter and actor (died 2003)

David Goodhart, English journalist and author

BA Robertson, Scottish songwriter

Walter Woon, Singaporean lawyer and politician, 7th Attorney-General of Singapore

Peter Scolari, American actor (died 2021)

Brian Smith, English footballer (died 2013)

Robert Gober, American sculptor

Scott Hamilton, American saxophonist

Peeter Volkonski, Estonian singer-songwriter and actor

Nan Goldin, American photographer

Gerry Beckley, American singer-songwriter and guitarist

Neil Peart, Canadian drummer, songwriter, and producer (died 2020)

Bertie Ahern, Irish accountant and politician, 11th Taoiseach of Ireland

Norm Dubé, Canadian ice hockey player

Ray Gravell, Welsh rugby player and actor (died 2007)

Joe Pantoliano, American actor and producer

Ali-Ollie Woodson, American singer-songwriter and keyboard player (died 2010)

Marguerite Blais, Canadian journalist and politician

Gustav Brunner, Austrian engineer

Bruce Mahler, American actor and screenwriter

Mike Murphy, Canadian ice hockey player and coach

Charles Burlingame, American captain and pilot (died 2001)

Irina Rodnina, Russian figure skater and politician

Steve Turre, American trombonist and educator

Max Walker, Australian footballer, cricketer, sportscaster, and architect (died 2016)

David Grant, English engineer and academic

Gerald Howarth, English soldier, pilot, and politician, Minister for International Security Strategy

Christopher Neame, English actor

Tony Bellamy, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (died 2009)

Neil Lyndon, British journalist and writer

Russell "Jungle Jim" Liberman, American drag racer (died 1977)

Milo Manara, Italian author and illustrator

John Mauceri, American conductor and producer

Lonnie Mayne, American wrestler (died 1978)

Vladimir Spivakov, Russian violinist and conductor

Barry White, American singer-songwriter (died 2003)

Ralph Neely, American football player (died 2022)

Michael Ondaatje, Sri Lankan-Canadian author and poet

Michel Drucker, French journalist

Tomás Marco, Spanish composer

Maria Muldaur, American folk and blues singer

François Tavenas, Canadian engineer and academic (died 2004)

Linda Gray, American model and actress

Henry Waxman, American lawyer and politician

Judy Clay, American soul and gospel singer (died 2001)

Claude Ruel, Canadian ice hockey player and coach (died 2015)

Tatiana Troyanos, American operatic soprano (died 1993)

George Chuvalo, Canadian boxer

Wes Hall, Barbadian cricketer and politician

Richard Hunt, American sculptor (died 2023)

Glenn Davis, American hurdler, sprinter, and football player (died 2009)

Jaegwon Kim, South Korean-American philosopher and academic (died 2019)

Nellie Wong, Chinese American poet and activist

Atli Dam, Faroese engineer and politician, 5th Prime Minister of the Faroe Islands (died 2005)

Ian Holm, English actor (died 2020)

George Jones, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (died 2013)

Larry Austin, American composer and educator (died 2018)

Harvey Schmidt, American composer and illustrator (died 2018)

Robert Irwin, American painter and gardener (died 2023)

Muriel Siebert, American businesswoman and philanthropist (died 2013)

Ernie Vandeweghe, Canadian-American basketball player and physician (died 2014)

Joseph John Gerry, American Roman Catholic prelate (died 2023)

Mathé Altéry, French soprano and actress

Stan Lopata, American baseball player (died 2013)

Dickie Moore, American actor (died 2015)

Amílcar Cabral, Guinea-Bissauan political leader (died 1973)

Antonio Cafiero, Argentinian accountant and politician, Governor of Buenos Aires Province (died 2014)

Jackson Mac Low, American poet, playwright, and composer (died 2004)

Mark Rosenzweig, American psychologist and academic (died 2009)

Frank McGee, American journalist (died 1974)

Stanisław Lem, Polish philosopher and author (died 2006)

Turgut Cansever, Turkish architect, city planner, and thinker (died 2009)

Desmond Llewelyn, Welsh-English soldier and actor (died 1999)

Jesse Owens, American sprinter and long jumper (died 1980)

Donald MacDonald, Canadian trade union leader and politician (died 1986)

Werner Flume, German jurist (died 2009)

Linda Agostini, English-Australian murder victim (died 1934)

Juscelino Kubitschek, Brazilian physician and politician, 21st President of Brazil (died 1976)

Marya Zaturenska, Ukrainian-American poet and author (died 1982)

Shmuel Horowitz, Israeli agronomist and academic (died 1999)

Martha Atwell, American radio director (died 1949)

Haskell Curry, American mathematician, logician, and academic (died 1982)

Salvador Bacarisse, Spanish composer (died 1963)

Alma Moodie, Australian violinist and educator (died 1943)

Ben Shahn, Lithuanian-American painter and photographer (died 1969)

Irène Joliot-Curie, French chemist and physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (died 1956)

Walter B. Gibson, American magician and author (died 1985)

Freymóður Jóhannsson, Icelandic painter and composer (died 1973)

Kyuichi Tokuda, Japanese lawyer and politician (died 1953)

Dorothy Maud Wrinch, Argentinian-English mathematician, biochemist and philosopher (died 1976)

Alfred A. Knopf Sr., American publisher, founded Alfred A. Knopf Inc. (died 1984)

Pedro Albizu Campos, Puerto Rican lawyer and politician (died 1965)

Jean-François Martial, Belgian actor (died 1977)

Arthur Hays Sulzberger, American publisher (died 1968)

Ugo Pasquale Mifsud, Maltese politician, 3rd Prime Minister of Malta (died 1942)

Maurice Chevalier, French actor, singer, and dancer (died 1972)

Heinrich Hoffmann, German photographer and art dealer (died 1957)

Martin Klein, Estonian wrestler and coach (died 1947)

Ion Agârbiceanu, Romanian journalist, politician, and archbishop (died 1963)

H. L. Mencken, American journalist and critic (died 1956)

Matsunosuke Onoe, Japanese actor and director (died 1926)

Paweł Owerłło, Polish actor (died 1957)

Freeman Freeman-Thomas, 1st Marquess of Willingdon, English cricketer and politician, 13th Governor General of Canada (died 1941)

Carl Eytel, German-American painter and illustrator (died 1925)

Manuel Espinosa Batista, Colombian pharmacist and politician (died 1919)

Johann Heinrich Beck, American composer and conductor (died 1924)

Simon-Napoléon Parent, Canadian lawyer and politician, 12th Premier of Quebec (died 1920)

H. H. Asquith, English lawyer and politician, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (died 1928)

Louis IV, Grand Duke of Hesse (died 1892)

William Sprague, American businessman and politician, 27th Governor of Rhode Island (died 1915)

Anselm Feuerbach, German painter (died 1880)

Charles Dudley Warner, American essayist and novelist (died 1900)

William Morgan, English-Australian politician, 14th Premier of South Australia (died 1883)

Richard Jordan Gatling, American inventor, invented the Gatling gun (died 1903)

Theodor Kullak, German pianist, composer, and educator (died 1882)

Aurora von Qvanten, Swedish writer and artist (died 1907)

Edward Shepherd Creasy, English historian and jurist (died 1878)

Richard March Hoe, American engineer and businessman, invented the Rotary printing press (died 1886)

Samuel Joseph May, American activist (died 1871)

Benjamin Carr, English-American singer-songwriter, educator, and publisher (died 1831)

Johann Heinrich Jung, German author and academic (died 1817)

Mary Bosanquet Fletcher, Methodist preacher and philanthropist (died 1815)

Hsinbyushin, Burmese king (died 1776)

Peter Dens, Flemish theologian and academic (died 1775)

William Dugdale, English genealogist and historian (died 1686)

María de Zayas, Spanish writer (died 1661)

Francis I of France (died 1547)

John Mowbray, 3rd Duke of Norfolk (died 1461)

Sitaram Yechury, Indian politician and leader of CPI(M) (born 1952)

ʻAkilisi Pōhiva, Tongan politician and activist, Prime Minister of Tonga (born 1941)

Shen Chun-shan, Taiwanese academic (born 1932)

Allan MacEachen, Canadian economist and politician, Deputy Prime Minister of Canada (born 1921)

Edith Windsor, American LGBT rights activist and technology manager at IBM (born 1929)

Claudia Card, American philosopher and academic (born 1940)

Atef Ebeid, Egyptian academic and politician, 47th Prime Minister of Egypt (born 1932)

John Gustafson, English singer-songwriter and bass player (born 1942)

Ian Paisley, Northern Irish evangelical pastor (Free Presbyterian Church) and politician, 2nd First Minister of Northern Ireland (born 1926)

Joe Sample, American pianist and composer (born 1939)

Ray Dolby, American engineer and businessman, founded Dolby Laboratories (born 1933)

Warren Giese, American football player, coach, and politician (born 1924)

Erich Loest, German author and screenwriter (born 1926)

Candace Pert, American neuroscientist and pharmacologist (born 1946)

Arkadii Dragomoshchenko, Russian poet and author (born 1946)

Jon Finlayson, Australian actor and screenwriter (born 1938)

Tom Sims, American skateboarder and snowboarder, founded Sims Snowboards (born 1950)

Alexander Galimov, Russian ice hockey player (born 1985)

Claude Chabrol, French actor, director, producer, and screenwriter (born 1930)

Giulio Zignoli, Italian footballer (born 1946)

Norman Borlaug, American agronomist and humanitarian, Nobel Prize laureate (born 1914)

Jack Kramer, American tennis player and sportscaster (born 1921)

Willy Ronis, French photographer and author (born 1910)

Bob Quinn, Australian footballer and coach (born 1915)

David Foster Wallace, American novelist, short story writer, and essayist (born 1962)

Bobby Byrd, American singer-songwriter and producer (born 1934)

Serge Lang, French-American mathematician, author and academic (born 1927)

Johnny Cash, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and actor (born 1932)

Arthur Johnson, canoeist (born 1921)

Stanley Turrentine, American saxophonist, composer, and bandleader (born 1934)

Judith Merril, American-Canadian science fiction writer, editor and political activist (born 1923)

Ernesto Geisel, Brazilian general and politician, 29th President of Brazil (born 1907)

Jeremy Brett, English actor (born 1933)

Yasutomo Nagai, Japanese motorcycle racer (born 1965)

Tom Ewell, American actor (born 1909)

Boris Yegorov, Russian physician and astronaut (born 1937)

Raymond Burr, Canadian-American actor and director (born 1917)

Ruth Nelson, American actress (born 1905)

Anthony Perkins, American actor, singer, and director (born 1932)

Bruce Matthews, Canadian general and businessman (born 1909)

Athene Seyler, English actress (born 1889)

John Qualen, Canadian-American actor (born 1899)

Jacques Henri Lartigue, French painter and photographer (born 1894)

Charlotte Wolff, German-English psychotherapist and physician (born 1897)

Federico Moreno Torroba, Spanish composer and conductor (born 1891)

Eugenio Montale, Italian writer, Nobel Prize laureate (born 1896)

William Hudson, New Zealand-Australian engineer (born 1896)

Steve Biko, South African activist (born 1946)

Robert Lowell, American poet (born 1917)

William Boyd, American actor and producer (born 1895)

Walter Egan, American golfer (born 1881)

Tommy Armour, Scottish-American golfer and journalist (born 1894)

Vladimir Bartol, Italian-Slovene author and playwright (born 1903)

Raja Aziz Bhatti, Pakistani Major who received the Nishan-e-Haider in the Indo-Pakistani War of 1965.

Spot Poles, American baseball player and soldier (born 1887)

Rangeya Raghav, Indian author and playwright (born 1923)

Carl Hermann, German physicist and academic (born 1898)

Sándor Festetics, Hungarian politician, Hungarian Minister of War (born 1882)

James Hamilton, 3rd Duke of Abercorn, English politician, Governor of Northern Ireland (born 1869)

Hugo Schmeisser, German engineer (born 1884)

Lewis Stone, American actor (born 1879)

Erik Adolf von Willebrand, Finnish physician (born 1870)

Hajime Sugiyama, Japanese field marshal and politician, 44th Japanese Minister of War (born 1880)

Valentine Baker, Welsh co-founder of the Martin-Baker Aircraft Company (born 1888)

Sarah Frances Whiting, American physicist and astronomer (born 1847)

Jules Violle, French physicist and academic (born 1841)

Leonid Andreyev, Russian author and playwright (born 1871)

George Reid, Australian accountant and politician, 4th Prime Minister of Australia (born 1845)

Pierre-Hector Coullié, French cardinal (born 1829)

Ilia Chavchavadze, Georgian poet, journalist, and lawyer (born 1837)

Duncan Gillies, Scottish-Australian businessman and politician, 14th Premier of Victoria (born 1834)

François Guizot, French historian and politician, 22nd Prime Minister of France (born 1787)

Eleanora Atherton, English philanthropist (born 1782)

Fitz Hugh Ludlow, American journalist, explorer, and author (born 1836)

Peter Mark Roget, English physician, theologian, and lexicographer (born 1779)

Christian Dietrich Grabbe, German playwright (born 1801)

Gebhard Leberecht von Blücher, Prussian general (born 1742)

Robert Ross, Irish general (born 1766)

Sir Francis Baring, 1st Baronet, English banker and politician (born 1740)

Richard Grenville-Temple, 2nd Earl Temple, English politician, Lord Lieutenant of Buckinghamshire (born 1711)

Jean-Philippe Rameau, French composer and theorist (born 1683)

Jan van der Heyden, Dutch painter and illustrator (born 1637)

Afonso VI of Portugal (born 1643)

Nicolaes Tulp, Dutch anatomist and politician (born 1593)

Tanneguy Le Fèvre, French scholar and author (born 1615)

Jean Bolland, Belgian priest and hagiographer (born 1596)

Jacob Cats, Dutch poet, jurist, and politician (born 1577)

Henri Coiffier de Ruzé, Marquis of Cinq-Mars, French conspirator (born 1620)

Vasili IV of Russia (born 1552)

Clément Marot, French poet (born 1496)

Albert III, Duke of Saxony (born 1443)

Sidi El Houari, Algerian imam (born 1350)

Blanche of Lancaster (born 1345/1347)

Pope Innocent VI (born 1295)

Peter II of Aragon (born 1174)

Andronikos I Komnenos, Byzantine emperor (born 1118)

Nefingus, bishop of Angers

Sak Kʼukʼ, Mayan queen