November 14 in History

A mass shooting occurs at Saugus High School in Santa Clarita, California, resulting in three deaths, including that of the perpetrator, and three injuries.

A gunman kills four people and injures 12 others during a shooting spree across Rancho Tehama, California. He had earlier murdered his wife in their home.

A magnitude 7.8 earthquake strikes Kaikōura, New Zealand, at a depth of 15 km (9 miles), resulting in the deaths of two people.

Israel launches a major military operation in the Gaza Strip in response to an escalation of rocket attacks by Hamas.

The first G-20 economic summit opens in Washington, D.C.

Space Shuttle Endeavour launches on STS-126 to continue assembly of the International Space Station.

Astronomers discover Sedna, a distant trans-Neptunian dwarf planet.

War in Afghanistan: Afghan Northern Alliance fighters take over the capital Kabul.

A magnitude 7.8 earthquake strikes a remote part of the Tibetan Plateau. It has the longest known surface rupture recorded on land (~400 km) and is the best documented example of a supershear earthquake.

A budget standoff between Democrats and Republicans in the U.S. Congress forces the federal government to temporarily close national parks and museums and to run most government offices with skeleton staffs.

In poor conditions caused by Cyclone Forrest, Vietnam Airlines Flight 474 crashes near Nha Trang, killing 30.

American and British authorities announce indictments against two Libyan intelligence officials in connection with the downing of the Pan Am Flight 103.

Cambodian Prince Norodom Sihanouk returns to Phnom Penh after thirteen years in exile.

After German reunification, the Federal Republic of Germany and Poland sign a treaty confirming the Oder–Neisse line as the border between Germany and Poland.

While on approach to Zurich Airport, Alitalia Flight 404 crashes into Stadlerberg Mountain near Weiach, killing 46.

Zamboanga City mayor Cesar Climaco, a prominent critic of the government of Philippine President Ferdinand Marcos, is assassinated in his home city.

Lech Wałęsa, the leader of Poland's outlawed Solidarity movement, is released after eleven months of internment near the Soviet border.

US President Jimmy Carter issues Executive Order 12170, freezing all Iranian assets in the United States in response to the hostage crisis.

France conducts the Aphrodite nuclear test as 25th in the group of 29 1975–78 French nuclear tests.

During a British House of Commons debate, Labour MP Tam Dalyell poses what would become known as the West Lothian question, referring to issues related to devolution in the United Kingdom.

With the signing of the Madrid Accords, Spain abandons Western Sahara.

In the United Kingdom, Princess Anne marries Captain Mark Phillips, in Westminster Abbey.

The Athens Polytechnic uprising, a massive demonstration of popular rejection of the Greek military junta of 1967–74, begins.

Mariner 9 enters orbit around Mars.

Soviet Union enters ICAO, making Russian the fourth official language of organization.

Southern Airways Flight 932 crashes in the mountains near Huntington, West Virginia, killing 75, including almost all of the Marshall University football team.

Apollo program: NASA launches Apollo 12, the second crewed mission to the surface of the Moon.

The Congress of Colombia, in commemoration of the 150th anniversary of the death of Policarpa Salavarrieta, declares this day as "Day of the Colombian Woman".

American physicist Theodore Maiman is given a patent for his ruby laser systems, the world's first laser.

Vietnam War: The Battle of Ia Drang begins. This is the first major engagement between regular American and North Vietnamese forces.

Ruby Bridges becomes the first black child to attend an all-white elementary school in Louisiana.

The "Apalachin meeting" in rural Tioga County in upstate New York is raided by law enforcement; many high-level Mafia figures are arrested while trying to flee.

The New Musical Express publishes the first regular UK Singles Chart.

World War II: The aircraft carrier HMS Ark Royal sinks due to torpedo damage from the German submarine U-81 sustained on November 13.

World War II: German troops, aided by local auxiliaries, murder nine thousand residents of the Słonim Ghetto in a single day.

World War II: In England, Coventry is heavily bombed by German Luftwaffe bombers. Coventry Cathedral is almost completely destroyed.

The Lions Gate Bridge, connecting Vancouver to the North Shore region, opens to traffic.

The British Broadcasting Company begins radio service in the United Kingdom.

The Communist Party of Spain is founded, and issues the first edition of Mundo obrero.

Pesäpallo, the Finnish version of baseball developed by Lauri Pihkala, is played for the first time at Kaisaniemi Park in Helsinki.

The Provisional National Assembly of the new republic of Czechoslovakia meets to devise a constitution.

The Joensuu City Hall, designed by Eliel Saarinen, was inaugurated in Joensuu, Finland.

Aviator Eugene Burton Ely performs the first takeoff from a ship in Hampton Roads, Virginia, taking off from a makeshift deck on the USS Birmingham in a Curtiss pusher.

Pioneering female journalist Nellie Bly (aka Elizabeth Cochrane) begins a successful attempt to travel around the world in less than 80 days. She completes the trip in 72 days.

Moby-Dick, a novel by Herman Melville, is published in the USA.

Napoleonic Wars: At the Battle of Smoliani, French Marshals Victor and Oudinot are defeated by the Russians under General Peter Wittgenstein.

James Bruce discovers what he believes to be the source of the Nile.

German astronomer Gottfried Kirch discovers the Great Comet of 1680, the first comet to be discovered by telescope.

Alexander the Great is crowned pharaoh of Egypt.

Xiyeon, South Korean singer and actress

Sofia Kenin, American tennis player

DeVonta Smith, American football player

Noussair Mazraoui, Moroccan footballer

Christopher Nkunku, French footballer

Axel Tuanzebe, English-Congolese footballer

Borna Ćorić, Croatian tennis player

Dawson Knox, American football player

Francisco Lindor, Puerto Rican baseball player

Shūhei Nomura, Japanese actor

Samuel Umtiti, French footballer

Miriam Brouwer, Canadian cyclist

Taylor Hall, Canadian ice hockey player

Graham Patrick Martin, American actor

Thinzar Shunlei Yi, Burmese activist

Roman Bürki, Swiss footballer

Jessica Jacobs, Australian actress and singer (died 2008)

Vlad Chiricheș, Romanian footballer

T. Y. Hilton, American football player

Jake Livermore, English footballer

Stella Maeve, American actress

Chiyotairyū Hidemasa, Japanese sumo wrestler

Nanase Hoshii, Japanese singer and actress

Giorgos Georgiadis, Greek footballer

Kalisto, Mexican-American wrestler

Danielle Page, American-Serbian basketball player and coach

Cory Michael Smith, American actor

Thomas Vermaelen, Belgian footballer

Lisa De Vanna, Australian footballer

Courtney Johns, Australian footballer

Marija Šerifović, Serbian singer

Guillermo Moscoso, American baseball player

Naqqash Tahir, English cricketer

Chelsea Wolfe, American singer-songwriter

Miriam Barnes, American sprinter and hurdler

Boosie Badazz, American rapper

Hamdan bin Mohammed Al Maktoum, Crown Prince of Dubai

Kyle Orton, American football player

Joy Williams, American singer-songwriter

Vanessa Bayer, American actress

Tom Ferrier, English race car driver

Russell Tovey, English actor

Brock Pierce, American actor and businessman

Brooke Satchwell, Australian model and actress

Carl Hayman, New Zealand rugby player

Mavie Hörbiger, German-Austrian actress

Olga Kurylenko, Ukrainian-French model and actress

Pushkar Lele, Indian singer

Moitheri Ntobo, Lesothan footballer

Miguel Sabah, Mexican footballer

Bobby Allen, American ice hockey player

Michala Banas, New Zealand actress and singer

Delphine Chanéac, French model and actress

Xavier Nady, American baseball player and coach

Brian Dietzen, American actor

Obie Trice, American rapper and producer

Travis Barker, American drummer, songwriter, and producer

Stephen Guarino, American actor

Gary Vaynerchuk, Russian-American businessman and critic

Adina Howard, American singer-songwriter and chef

Sofie Merckx, Belgian politician

David Moscow, American actor

Joe Principe, American singer and bass player

Lawyer Milloy, American football player

Rubén Rivera, Panamanian baseball player

Andrew Strong, Irish singer and actor

Matt Bloom, American wrestler, trainer, and sportscaster

Josh Duhamel, American model and actor

Lara Giddings, Papua New Guinean-Australian politician, 44th Premier of Tasmania

Edyta Górniak, Polish singer

Dougie Payne, Scottish bass player

Martin Pike, Australian footballer and coach

Aaron Taylor, American football player and sportscaster

Dariusz Żuraw, Polish footballer and manager

Adam Gilchrist, Australian cricketer and sportscaster

Vikas Khanna, Indian chef and author

Marco Leonardi, Australian-Italian actor

Dana Stubblefield, American football player

Butch Walker, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer

Lionel Simmons, American basketball player

Nina Gordon, American singer-songwriter

Charles Hazlewood, English conductor

Petra Rossner, German cyclist

Bill Hemmer, American journalist

Joseph Simmons, American hip-hop artist

Patrick Warburton, American actor and comedian

Stéphane Bern, French journalist, radio and television presenter

Laura San Giacomo, American actress

Harland Williams, Canadian-American actor and screenwriter

D. B. Sweeney, American actor

Paul Attanasio, American screenwriter and producer

Paul McGann, English actor

Babette Babich, American philosopher, author, and scholar

Avi Cohen, Israeli footballer and manager (died 2010)

Peter R. de Vries, Dutch investigative journalist and crime reporter (died 2021)

Valerie Jarrett, American government official

Philip Egan, English bishop

Jack Sikma, American basketball player and coach

Willie Hernández, Puerto Rican baseball player (died 2023)

Bernard Hinault, French cyclist

Condoleezza Rice, American political scientist, academic, and politician, 66th United States Secretary of State

Eliseo Salazar, Chilean race car driver

Yanni, Greek-American pianist, composer, and producer

Tim Bowler, English children's author

Dominique de Villepin, Moroccan-French lawyer and politician, 167th Prime Minister of France

Johnny A., American guitarist and songwriter

Dimitra Galani, Greek singer, composer and songwriter

Maggie Roswell, American voice actress and singer

Stephen Bishop, American singer-songwriter and actor

Leszek Cichy, Polish mountaineer

Zhang Yimou, Chinese actor, director, producer, and cinematographer

Raúl di Blasio, Argentinian pianist, composer, and producer

Enzo Cucchi, Italian painter

Gary Grubbs, American actor

Ryo Hayami, Japanese actor

James Young, American singer-songwriter and guitarist

Charles III, King of the United Kingdom and 14 other Commonwealth realms

Paul Dacre, English journalist

Michael Dobbs, English author and politician

Robert Ginty, American actor and producer (died 2009)

P. J. O'Rourke, American political satirist and journalist (died 2022)

Nat Young, Australian surfer and author

Buckwheat Zydeco, American accordion player (died 2016)

Bharathan, Indian director and screenwriter (died 1998)

Roland Duchâtelet, Belgian businessman and politician

Louise Ellman, English academic and politician

Vikram Gokhale, Indian actor and director (died 2022)

Brett Lunger, American race car driver

Karen Armstrong, English author and academic

Mike Katz, American bodybuilder and football player

Peter Norton, American programmer and author

Manon Cleary, American painter and academic (died 2011)

Natalia Gutman, Russian cellist and educator

Wendy Carlos, American keyboard player and composer

Alan J. W. Bell, English director and producer (died 2023)

Murray Oliver, Canadian ice hockey player and coach (died 2014)

Carey Bell, American singer and harmonica player (died 2007)

Freddie Garrity, English singer and actor (died 2006)

Cornell Gunter, American R&B singer (died 1990)

Hussein of Jordan (died 1999)

Lefteris Papadopoulos, Greek songwriter and journalist

Dave Mackay, Scottish-English footballer and manager (died 2015)

Ellis Marsalis, Jr., American pianist and educator (died 2020)

Catherine McGuinness, Irish lawyer, judge, and politician

Fred Haise, American pilot, engineer, and astronaut

Gunter Sachs, German astrologer and photographer (died 2011)

Peter Katin, English pianist and academic (died 2015)

Monique Mercure, Canadian actress (died 2020)

Michael Robbins, English actor (died 1992)

Ed White, American engineer and astronaut (died 1967)

Shirley Crabtree, English wrestler (died 1997)

Jimmy Piersall, American baseball player and sportscaster (died 2017)

Kathleen Hughes, American actress (died 2025)

Lawrie Barratt, English businessman, founded Barratt Developments (died 2012)

Bart Cummings, Australian horse trainer (died 2015)

McLean Stevenson, American actor and screenwriter (died 1996)

Narciso Yepes, Spanish guitarist and composer (died 1997)

Stirling Colgate, American physicist and academic (died 2013)

James Mellaart, English archaeologist and author (died 2012)

Leonid Kogan, Ukrainian-Russian violinist and educator (died 1982)

Boutros Boutros-Ghali, Egyptian politician and diplomat, 6th Secretary General of the United Nations (died 2016)

Veronica Lake, American actress and singer (died 1973)

Ea Jansen, Estonian historian and academic (died 2005)

Brian Keith, American actor and director (died 1997)

Mary Greyeyes, the first First Nations woman to join the Canadian Armed Forces (died 2011)

Johnny Desmond, American singer (died 1985)

Lisa Otto, German soprano and actress (died 2013)

John Bromwich, Australian tennis player (died 1999)

Park Chung Hee, South Korean general and politician, 3rd President of South Korea (died 1979)

Roger Apéry, Greek-French mathematician and academic (died 1994)

Sherwood Schwartz, American screenwriter and producer (died 2011)

Mabel Fairbanks, American figure skater and coach (died 2001)

Martha Tilton, American singer and actress (died 2006)

Ken Carson, American Western singer (died 1994)

Barbara Hutton, American philanthropist (died 1979)

Tung-Yen Lin, Chinese-American engineer, designed the Guandu Bridge (died 2003)

Rosemary DeCamp, American actress and singer (died 2001)

Eric Malpass, English author (died 1996)

Joseph McCarthy, American captain, lawyer, and politician (died 1957)

Howard W. Hunter, American religious leader, 14th President of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (died 1995)

Astrid Lindgren, Swedish author and screenwriter (died 2002)

William Steig, American author, illustrator, and sculptor (died 2003)

Louise Brooks, American actress and dancer (died 1985)

John Henry Barbee, American singer and guitarist (died 1964)

Harold Haley, American lawyer and judge (died 1970)

Harold Larwood, English-Australian cricketer (died 1995)

Dick Powell, American actor, singer, director, and producer (died 1963)

Aaron Copland, American composer, conductor, and educator (died 1990)

Benjamin Fondane, Romanian-French philosopher, poet, and critic (died 1944)

John Steuart Curry, American painter and academic (died 1946)

Walter Jackson Freeman II, American physician and psychiatrist (died 1972)

Addie Viola Smith, American lawyer and trade commissioner (died 1975)

Frederick Banting, Canadian physician and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (died 1941)

Jawaharlal Nehru, Indian lawyer and politician, 1st Prime Minister of India (died 1964)

Ado Birk, Estonian lawyer and politician, 3rd Prime Minister of Estonia (died 1942)

Julie Manet, French painter and art collector (died 1966)

Leopold Staff, Ukrainian-Polish poet and academic (died 1957)

Norman Brookes, Australian tennis player (died 1968)

Gregorio del Pilar, Filipino general and politician (died 1899)

Jakob Schaffner, Swiss author and activist (died 1944)

Wajed Ali Khan Panni, Bengali aristocrat and philanthropist (died 1936)

John Lumsden, Irish physician, founded the St. John Ambulance Brigade of Ireland (died 1944)

Leo Baekeland, Belgian-American chemist and engineer (died 1944)

Frederick Jackson Turner, American historian and author (died 1932)

Madeleine Lemoyne Ellicott, American activist (died 1945)

Claude Monet, French painter (died 1926)

August Šenoa, Croatian author, poet, and critic (died 1881)

Henry Strangways, English-Australian politician, 12th Premier of South Australia (died 1920)

James B. McPherson, American general (died 1864)

John Curwen, English minister and educator (died 1880)

Aleardo Aleardi, Italian poet (died 1878)

Maria Cristina of Savoy (died 1836)

Fanny Hensel, German pianist and composer (died 1847)

Jacob Abbott, American author (died 1879)

Charles Lyell, Scottish geologist (died 1875)

Adam Oehlenschläger, Danish poet and playwright (died 1850)

Johann Nepomuk Hummel, Austrian pianist and composer (died 1837)

Nathaniel Claiborne, American farmer and politician (died 1859)

Henri Dutrochet, French physician, botanist, and physiologist (died 1847)

Marie François Xavier Bichat, French anatomist and physiologist (died 1802)

Robert Fulton, American engineer, early steamboat pioneer (died 1815)

Leopold Mozart, Austrian violinist, composer, and conductor (died 1787)

Friedrich Wilhelm Zachow, German organist and composer (died 1712)

William III of England, Prince of Orange, King of England, Scotland and Ireland (died 1702)

John Eudes, French priest and missionary (died 1680)

Richard Topcliffe, English torturer (died 1604)

Anna of Oldenburg, Regent of East Frisia (died 1575)

John III of Pernstein, Bohemian land-owner, Governor of Moravia and Count of Kladsko (died 1548)

Sidonie of Poděbrady, daughter of King of Bohemia (died 1510)

Vic Flick, English guitarist (born 1937)

Peter Sinfield, English songwriter and producer (born 1943)

Peter Florjancic, Slovene inventor and Olympic athlete (born 1919)

Des O'Connor, English comedian, singer and television presenter (born 1932)

Gwen Ifill, American television journalist (born 1955)

Nick Bockwinkel, American professional wrestler (born 1934)

K. S. Gopalakrishnan, Indian director, producer, and screenwriter (born 1929)

Warren Mitchell, English actor and screenwriter (born 1926)

Eugene Dynkin, Russian-American mathematician and theorist (born 1924)

Glen A. Larson, American director, producer, and screenwriter, created Battlestar Galactica (born 1937)

Morteza Pashaei, Iranian singer-songwriter (born 1984)

Sudhir Bhat, Indian producer and manager (born 1951)

Hari Krishna Devsare, Indian journalist and author (born 1938)

Bennett Masinga, South African footballer (born 1965)

Alexandro Alves do Nascimento, Brazilian footballer (born 1974)

Brian Davies, Australian rugby player and manager (born 1930)

Martin Fay, Irish fiddler (born 1936)

Ahmed Jabari, Palestinian commander (born 1960)

Abubakar Olusola Saraki, Nigerian physician and politician (born 1933)

Esin Afşar, Italian-Turkish singer and actress (born 1936)

Neil Heywood, English-Chinese businessman (born 1970)

Jackie Leven, Scottish singer-songwriter and guitarist (born 1950)

Wes Santee, American runner (born 1932)

Kristin Hunter, American author and academic (born 1931)

Robert E. Valett, American psychologist, teacher, and author (born 1927)

Sumner Shapiro, American admiral (born 1926)

Michel Colombier, French-American composer and conductor (born 1939)

Gene Anthony Ray, American actor, singer, dancer, and choreographer (born 1962)

Eddie Bracken, American actor (born 1915)

Elena Nikolaidi, Greek-American soprano and educator (born 1909)

Charlotte Coleman, English actress (born 1968)

Juan Carlos Lorenzo, Argentinian footballer and manager (born 1922)

Robert Trout, American journalist (born 1908)

Eddie Arcaro, American jockey and sportscaster (born 1916)

Jack Pickersgill, Canadian educator and politician, 35th Secretary of State for Canada (born 1905)

Joseph Bernardin, American cardinal (born 1928)

John A. Cade, American soldier and politician (born 1929)

Jack Finney, American author and screenwriter (born 1911)

Tom Villard, American actor (born 1953)

Ernst Happel, Austrian footballer and coach (born 1925)

Tony Richardson, English-American director, producer, and screenwriter (born 1928)

Sol Kaplan, American composer and conductor (born 1919)

Jimmy Murphy, Welsh footballer, manager, assistant manager, coach, and scout (born 1910)

Haywood S. Hansell, American general (born 1903)

Cesar Climaco, Filipino lawyer and politician, 10th Mayor of Zamboanga City (born 1916)

Nikitas Platis, Greek actor and cinematographer (born 1912)

Robert Bradford, Irish footballer and politician (born 1941)

A. C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada, Indian monk and guru, founded the International Society for Krishna Consciousness (born 1896)

Johnny Mack Brown, American football player, actor, and singer (born 1904)

Martin Dies, Jr., American lawyer and politician (born 1900)

Peter Baker, English captain, author, and politician (born 1921)

Joseph Allard, Canadian fiddler and composer (born 1873)

Manuel de Falla, Spanish pianist and composer (born 1876)

Carl Flesch, Hungarian violinist and educator (born 1873)

Trafford Leigh-Mallory, English air marshal (born 1892)

Bluey, Australian Cattle Dog, oldest verified dog (born 1910)

Jack O'Connor, American baseball player and manager (born 1866)

Charles Hylton Stewart, English organist and composer (born 1884)

Sandy Pearce, Australian rugby league player (born 1883)

Isabel, Princess Imperial of Brazil (born 1846)

Matti Lonkainen, Finnish politician (born 1874)

Henry George, Jr., American journalist and politician (born 1862)

Saki, British short story writer (born 1870)

Booker T. Washington, American educator, essayist and historian (born 1856)

Vengayil Kunhiraman Nayanar, Indian lawyer and journalist (born 1861)

John La Farge, American artist (born 1835)

Guangxu Emperor of China (born 1871)

Andrew Inglis Clark, Australian lawyer, judge, and politician (born 1848)

Miguel I of Portugal (born 1802)

Franz Müller, German tailor and murderer (born 1840)

John Abercrombie, Scottish physician and philosopher (born 1780)

Flora Tristan, French author and activist (born 1803)

Charles Carroll of Carrollton, American farmer and politician (born 1737)

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel, German philosopher, author, and academic (born 1770)

Ignaz Pleyel, Austrian-French composer and piano builder (born 1757)

Louis Nicolas Vauquelin, French pharmacist and chemist (born 1763)

Jean Paul, German journalist and author (born 1763)

Policarpa Salavarrieta, Colombian seamstress and spy (born 1795)

Maruyama Gondazaemon, Japanese sumo wrestler, the 3rd Yokozuna (born 1713)

Georg Wilhelm Steller, German botanist, zoologist, physician, and explorer (born 1709)

Juan de Galavís, Spanish Roman Catholic archbishop of Santo Domingo and Bogotá (born 1683)

Louise de Kérouaille, duchess of Portsmouth (born 1649)

Gottfried Leibniz, German mathematician and philosopher (born 1646)

Tosa Mitsuoki, Japanese painter (born 1617)

Nell Gwyn, English mistress of Charles II of England (born 1650)

William Ames, English philosopher and academic (born 1576)

Giovanni della Casa, Italian archbishop and poet (born 1504)

Hugh Faringdon, English monk and abbot

Anne of France, duchess of Bourbon (born 1461)

Yolande of Aragon, French noblewoman (born 1384)

Nikola Tavelić, Croatian missionary and saint (born 1340)

Gregory Palamas, Greek archbishop and saint (born 1296)

Ostasio I da Polenta, Lord of Ravenna

Alexander Nevsky, Russian saint (born 1220)

Frederick of Isenberg, German politician (born 1193)

William de Mandeville, 3rd Earl of Essex

Geoffrey II, count of Anjou

Taizu, Chinese emperor (born 927)

Abu'l-Fadl al-Bal'ami, Samanid vizier

Fujiwara no Kamatari, Japanese politician (born 614)

Justinian I, Byzantine emperor (born 482)