March 5 in History

The 2023 Estonian parliamentary election is held, with two centre-right liberal parties gaining an absolute majority for the first time.

A group of four prisoners escape from the Nouakchott Civil Prison, before being caught the next day.

Pope Francis begins a historic visit to Iraq amidst the COVID-19 pandemic.

Twenty people are killed and 30 injured in a suicide car bombing in Mogadishu, Somalia.

Syrian civil war: The Syrian Democratic Forces (SDF) pause the Deir ez-Zor campaign due to the Turkish-led invasion of Afrin.

Tropical Storm Irina kills over 75 as it passes through Madagascar.

Two people are killed and six more are injured in a shooting at a hair salon in Bucharest, Romania.

An Antonov An-148 crashes in Russia's Alexeyevsky District, Belgorod Oblast during a test flight, killing all seven aboard.

In Haifa, 17 Israeli civilians are killed in the Haifa bus 37 suicide bombing.

An earthquake in Mindanao, Philippines, kills 15 people and injures more than 100.

In Mina, Saudi Arabia, 35 pilgrims are killed in a stampede on the Jamaraat Bridge during the Hajj.

Palair Macedonian Airlines Flight 301 crashes at Skopje International Airport in Petrovec, North Macedonia, killing 83.

Aeropostal Alas de Venezuela Flight 109 crashes in Venezuela, killing 45.

Soviet probe Venera 14 lands on Venus.

The ZX81, a pioneering British home computer, is launched by Sinclair Research and would go on to sell over 11⁄2 million units around the world.

Soviet probes Venera 11, Venera 12 and the German-American solar satellite Helios II all are hit by "off the scale" gamma rays leading to the discovery of soft gamma repeaters.

The Landsat 3 is launched from Vandenberg Air Force Base in California.

Yom Kippur War: Israeli forces withdraw from the west bank of the Suez Canal.

An Iberia McDonnell Douglas DC-9 collides in mid-air with a Spantax Convair 990 Coronado over Nantes, France, killing all 68 people aboard the DC-9, including music manager Michael Jeffery.

The Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons goes into effect after ratification by 43 nations.

Air France Flight 212 crashes into La Grande Soufrière, killing all 63 aboard.

Lake Central Airlines Flight 527 crashes near Marseilles, Ohio, killing 38.

BOAC Flight 911, a Boeing 707 aircraft, breaks apart in mid-air due to clear-air turbulence and crashes into Mount Fuji, Japan, killing all 124 people on board.

March Intifada: A Leftist uprising erupts in Bahrain against the British colonial presence.

American country music stars Patsy Cline, Hawkshaw Hawkins, Cowboy Copas and their pilot Randy Hughes are killed in a plane crash in Camden, Tennessee.

Aeroflot Flight 191 crashes while landing at Aşgabat International Airport, killing 12.

Indonesian President Sukarno dismisses the Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat (DPR), 1955 democratically elected parliament, and replaces it with DPR-GR, the parliament of his own selected members.

Sutton Wick air crash: A Blackburn Beverley of 53 Squadron, Royal Air Forces, crashes into the village of Sutton Wick, Berkshire (now Oxfordshire), killing most of the crew and passengers and two local residents.

Joseph Stalin, the longest serving leader of the Soviet Union, dies at his Volynskoe dacha in Moscow after suffering a cerebral hemorrhage four days earlier.

Cold War: Winston Churchill delivers his famous "Iron Curtain" speech at Westminster College, Missouri.

World War II: The Red Army begins the Uman–Botoșani offensive in the western Ukrainian SSR.

World War II: General strike and protest march in Athens against rumours of forced mobilization of Greek workers for work in Germany, resulting in clashes with the Axis occupation forces and collaborationist police. The decree is withdrawn on the next day.

World War II: Japanese forces capture Batavia, capital of Dutch East Indies, which is left undefended after the withdrawal of the KNIL garrison and Australian Blackforce battalion to Buitenzorg and Bandung.

Six high-ranking members of the Soviet politburo, including Joseph Stalin, sign an order for the execution of 25,700 Polish intelligentsia, including 14,700 Polish POWs, in what will become known as the Katyn massacre.

Spanish Civil War: The National Defence Council seizes control of the republican government in a coup d'etat, with the intention of negotiating an end to the war.

Adolf Hitler's Nazi Party receives 43.9% at the Reichstag elections, which allows the Nazis to later pass the Enabling Act and establish a dictatorship.

The British Raj: Gandhi–Irwin Pact is signed.

Italo-Turkish War: Italian forces are the first to use airships for military purposes, employing them for reconnaissance behind Turkish lines.

Moro Rebellion: United States Army troops bring overwhelming force against the native Moros in the First Battle of Bud Dajo, leaving only six survivors.

George Westinghouse patents the air brake.

Mefistofele, an opera by Arrigo Boito, receives its premiere performance at La Scala.

Parma, Tuscany, Modena and Romagna vote in referendums to join the Kingdom of Sardinia.

The Britannia Bridge across the Menai Strait between the island of Anglesey and the mainland of Wales is opened.

Samuel Colt establishes his first factory to produce the recently patented production-model revolver, the .34-caliber "Paterson".

Roberto Cofresí, one of the last successful Caribbean pirates, is defeated in combat and captured by authorities.

First Anglo-Burmese War: The British officially declare war on Burma.

Peninsular War: A French force under the command of Marshal Victor is routed while trying to prevent an Anglo-Spanish-Portuguese army from lifting the Siege of Cádiz in the Battle of Barrosa.

Boston Massacre: Five Americans, including Crispus Attucks, are fatally shot by British troops in an event that would contribute to the outbreak of the American Revolutionary War (also known as the American War of Independence) five years later.

Antonio de Ulloa, the first Spanish governor of Louisiana, arrives in New Orleans.

Nicolaus Copernicus's book On the Revolutions of the Heavenly Spheres is added to the Index of Forbidden Books 73 years after it was first published.

King Henry VII of England issues letters patent to John Cabot and his sons, authorising them to explore unknown lands.

The Livonian Order is defeated in the Battle of Aizkraukle by the Grand Duchy of Lithuania.

Nasir Khusraw begins the seven-year Middle Eastern journey which he will later describe in his book Safarnama.

Roman emperor Julian leaves Antioch with an army of 90,000 to attack the Sasanian Empire, in a campaign which would bring about his own death.

Roman Griffin Davis, English actor

Doug Edert, American basketball player

Madison Beer, American singer-songwriter

Justin Fields, American football player

Yeri, South Korean singer and actress

Bo Bichette, American baseball player

Milena Venega, Cuban rower

Taylor Hill, American model

Emmanuel Mudiay, Congolese-American basketball player

Daria Saville, Russian-Australian tennis player

MJ, South Korean singer and actor

El Hadji Ba, French footballer

Joshua Coyne, American violinist and composer

Fred, Brazilian footballer

Ahmed Hassan, Egyptian footballer

Harry Maguire, English footballer

Kyle Schwarber, American baseball player

Sam Bankman-Fried, American businessman and fraudster

Ramiro Funes Mori, Argentine footballer

Daniil Trifonov, Russian pianist and composer

Danny Drinkwater, English footballer

Mason Plumlee, American basketball player

Alex Smithies, English footballer

Sterling Knight, American actor, singer, and dancer

Jake Lloyd, American actor

Jovana Brakočević, Serbian volleyball player

Liassine Cadamuro-Bentaïba, Algerian footballer

Anna Chakvetadze, Russian tennis player

Chris Cohen, English footballer

Alexandre Barthe, French footballer

Corey Brewer, American basketball player and coach

Matty Fryatt, English footballer

Shikabala, Egyptian footballer

David Marshall, Scottish footballer

Kenichi Matsuyama, Japanese actor

Brad Mills, American baseball player

Branko Cvetković, Serbian basketball player

Guillaume Hoarau, French footballer

Édgar Dueñas, Mexican footballer

Dan Carter, New Zealand rugby player

Philipp Haastrup, German footballer

Barret Jackman, Canadian ice hockey player

Paul Martin, American ice hockey player

Karolina Wydra, Polish-American actress and model

Shay Carl, American businessman, co-founded Maker Studios

Martin Axenrot, Swedish drummer

Érik Bédard, Canadian baseball player

Lee Mears, English rugby player

Jared Crouch, Australian footballer

Mike Hessman, American baseball player and coach

Kimberly McCullough, American actress, singer, and dancer

Carlos Ochoa, Mexican footballer

Taismary Agüero, Cuban-Italian volleyball player

Bryan Berard, American ice hockey player

Wally Szczerbiak, American basketball player and sportscaster

Neil Jackson, English actor, producer, and screenwriter

Šarūnas Jasikevičius, Lithuanian basketball player and coach

Paul Konerko, American baseball player

Norm Maxwell, New Zealand rugby player

Jolene Blalock, American model and actress

Luciano Burti, Brazilian race car driver and sportscaster

Sasho Petrovski, Australian footballer

Chris Silverwood, English cricketer and coach

Kevin Connolly, American actor and director

Jens Jeremies, German footballer

Matt Lucas, English actor, comedian, writer, and television personality

Eva Mendes, American model and actress

Yannis Anastasiou, Greek footballer and manager

Nelly Arcan, Canadian author (died 2009)

Juan Esnáider, Argentine footballer and manager

Ryan Franklin, American baseball player

Nicole Pratt, Australian tennis player, coach, and sportscaster

Špela Pretnar, Slovenian skier

Brian Grant, American basketball player

Greg Berry, English footballer and coach

Jeffrey Hammonds, American baseball player and scout

Yuri Lowenthal, American voice actor, producer, and screenwriter

Filip Meirhaeghe, Belgian cyclist

Mark Protheroe, Australian rugby league player

Mike Brown, American basketball player and coach

John Frusciante, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer

Yuu Watase, Japanese illustrator

Aleksandar Vučić, Serbian president

Paul Blackthorne, English actor and producer

Danny King, English author and playwright

Moussa Saïb, Algerian footballer and manager

M.C. Solaar, Senegalese-French rapper

Gordon Bajnai, Hungarian businessman and politician, 7th Prime Minister of Hungary

Theresa Villiers, English lawyer and politician, Secretary of State for Northern Ireland

Oh Eun-sun, South Korean mountaineer

Bob Halkidis, Canadian ice hockey player and coach

Michael Irvin, American football player, sportscaster, and actor

Aasif Mandvi, Indian-American actor, producer, and screenwriter

Zachary Stevens, American singer-songwriter

José Semedo, Portuguese footballer and coach

Bertrand Cantat, French singer-songwriter

Scott Skiles, American basketball player and coach

Gerald Vanenburg, Dutch footballer and manager

Reggie Williams, American basketball player and coach

Joel Osteen, American pastor, author, and television host

Paul Drayson, Baron Drayson, English businessman and politician, Minister for Defence Equipment, Support and Technology

Mike Munchak, American football player and coach

Talia Balsam, American actress

Vazgen Sargsyan, Armenian colonel and politician, 8th Prime Minister of Armenia (died 1999)

Volodymyr Bezsonov, Ukrainian footballer and manager

Bob Forward, American director, producer, and screenwriter

Andy Gibb, English-Australian singer-songwriter and actor (died 1988)

Mark E. Smith, English singer, songwriter and musician (died 2018)

Ray Suarez, American journalist and author

Adriana Barraza, Mexican actress

Teena Marie, American singer-songwriter and producer (died 2010)

Christopher Snowden, English engineer and academic

Penn Jillette, American magician, actor, and author

João Lourenço, Angolan politician, 3rd President of Angola

Marsha Warfield, American actress

Katarina Frostenson, Swedish poet and author

Michael J. Sandel, American philosopher and academic

Tokyo Sexwale, South African businessman and politician, 1st Premier of Gauteng

Petar Borota, Serbian footballer and coach (died 2010)

Alan Clark, English musician and songwriter

Robin Hobb, American author

Mike Squires, American baseball player and scout

Rodney Hogg, Australian cricketer and coach

Bernard Vera, French politician

Bernard Arnault, French businessman, philanthropist, and art collector

Franz Josef Jung, German lawyer and politician, German Federal Minister of Defence

Tom Russell, American singer-songwriter and guitarist

Eddy Grant, Guyanese-British singer-songwriter and musician

Richard Hickox, English conductor and scholar (died 2008)

Elaine Paige, English singer and actress

Paquirri, Spanish bullfighter (died 1984)

Jan van Beveren, Dutch footballer and coach (died 2011)

Clodagh Rodgers, Northern Irish singer and actress (died 2025)

Kent Tekulve, American baseball player and sportscaster

Richard Bell, Canadian pianist (died 2007)

Guerrino Boatto, Italian illustrator and painter (died 2018)

Graham Hawkins, English footballer and manager (died 2016)

Murray Head, English actor and singer

Wilf Tranter, English footballer

Peter Brandes, Danish painter and sculptor

Roy Gutman, American journalist and author

Lucio Battisti, Italian singer-songwriter and guitarist (died 1998)

Felipe González, Spanish lawyer and politician, Prime Minister of Spain

Mike Resnick, American author and editor (died 2020)

Des Wilson, New Zealand-English businessman and activist

Tom Butler, English bishop

Ken Irvine, Australian rugby league player (died 1990)

Graham McRae, New Zealand race car driver (died 2021)

Sepp Piontek, German footballer and manager (died 2026)

Samantha Eggar, English actress (died 2025)

Tony Rundle, Australian politician, Premier of Tasmania (died 2025)

Benyamin Sueb, Indonesian actor and comedian (died 1995)

Peter Woodcock, Canadian serial killer (died 2010)

Pierre Wynants, Belgian chef

Paul Evans, American singer-songwriter and guitarist

Lynn Margulis, American biologist and academic (died 2011)

Fred Williamson, American football player, actor, director, producer, and screenwriter

Olusegun Obasanjo, Nigerian general and politician, 5th President of Nigeria

Canaan Banana, Zimbabwean minister and politician, 1st President of Zimbabwe (died 2003)

Dale Douglass, American golfer (died 2022)

Dean Stockwell, American actor (died 2021)

Letizia Battaglia, Italian photographer and journalist (died 2022)

Philip K. Chapman, Australian-American astronaut and engineer (died 2021)

Shamsuddin Qasemi, Bangladeshi Islamic scholar and politician (died 1996)

Daniel Kahneman, Israeli-American economist and psychologist, Nobel Prize laureate (died 2024)

James B. Sikking, American actor (died 2024)

Walter Kasper, German cardinal and theologian

Paul Sand, American actor

Fred, French author and illustrator (died 2013)

Barry Tuckwell, Australian horn player and educator (died 2020)

John Ashley, Canadian ice hockey player and referee (died 2008)

Del Crandall, American baseball player and manager (died 2021)

Erik Carlsson, Swedish race car driver (died 2015)

J. B. Lenoir, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (died 1967)

J. Hillis Miller, American academic and critic (died 2021)

Jack Cassidy, American actor and singer (died 1976)

Robert Lindsay, 29th Earl of Crawford, Scottish businessman and politician (died 2023)

Roger Marche, French footballer (died 1997)

Juan A. Rivero, Puerto Rican biologist and academic (died 2014)

Laurence Tisch, American businessman, co-founded the Loews Corporation (died 2003)

James Noble, American actor (died 2016)

Pier Paolo Pasolini, Italian actor, director, and screenwriter (died 1975)

Arthur A. Oliner, American physicist and electrical engineer (died 2013)

Elmer Valo, American baseball player and coach (died 1998)

José Aboulker, Algerian surgeon and activist (died 2009)

Virginia Christine, American actress (died 1996)

Rachel Gurney, English actress (died 2001)

Wang Zengqi, Chinese writer (died 1997)

Milt Schmidt, Canadian ice hockey player, coach, and manager (died 2017)

Red Storey, Canadian football player, referee, and sportscaster (died 2006)

James Tobin, American economist and academic (died 2002)

Raymond P. Shafer, American attorney and politician, 39th Governor of Pennsylvania (died 2006)

Henry Hicks, Canadian academic and politician, 16th Premier of Nova Scotia (died 1990)

Laurent Schwartz, French mathematician and academic (died 2002)

Jack Marshall, New Zealand colonel, lawyer, and politician, 28th Prime Minister of New Zealand (died 1988)

Subroto Mukerjee, Indian Air Marshall, Father of the Indian Air Force (died 1960)

Momofuku Ando, Taiwanese-Japanese businessman and inventor, founded Nissin Foods (died 2007)

Ennio Flaiano, Italian author, screenwriter, and critic (died 1972)

Fritz Fischer, German historian and author (died 1999)

Irving Fiske, American author and playwright (died 1990)

Rex Harrison, English actor (died 1990)

László Benedek, Hungarian-American director and cinematographer (died 1992)

Karl Rahner, German priest and theologian (died 1984)

Friedrich Günther, Prince of Schwarzburg (died 1971)

Julian Przyboś, Polish poet, essayist and translator (died 1970)

Lilli Jahn, Jewish German doctor (died 1944)

Johanna Langefeld, German guard and supervisor of three Nazi concentration camps (died 1974)

Zhou Enlai, Chinese politician, 1st Premier of the People's Republic of China (died 1976)

Misao Okawa, Japanese super-centenarian (died 2015)

Henry Daniell, English-American actor (died 1963)

Heitor Villa-Lobos, Brazilian guitarist and composer (died 1959)

Dong Biwu, Chinese judge and politician, Chairman of the People's Republic of China (died 1975)

Freddie Welsh, Welsh boxer (died 1927)

Marius Barbeau, Canadian ethnographer and academic (died 1969)

Pauline Sperry, American mathematician (died 1967)

Dora Marsden, English author and activist (died 1960)

Sergei Natanovich Bernstein, Russian mathematician and academic (died 1968)

William Beveridge, English economist and academic (died 1963)

Andres Larka, Estonian general and politician, 1st Estonian Minister of War (died 1943)

Thomas Inskip, 1st Viscount Caldecote, English lawyer and politician, 8th Lord Chief Justice of England (died 1947)

Elisabeth Moore, American tennis player (died 1959)

Harry Lawson, Australian politician, 27th Premier of Victoria (died 1952)

Henry Travers, English-American actor (died 1965)

Olav Bjaaland, Norwegian skier and explorer (died 1961)

Rosa Luxemburg, Polish-Russian economist and philosopher (died 1919)

Konstantinos Pallis, Greek general and politician, Minister Governor-General of Macedonia (died 1941)

Frank Norris, American journalist and author (died 1902)

Evgeny Paton, French-Ukrainian engineer (died 1953)

Michael von Faulhaber, German cardinal (died 1952)

Louis-Alexandre Taschereau, Canadian lawyer and politician, 14th Premier of Quebec (died 1952)

Siegbert Tarrasch, German chess player and theoretician (died 1934)

Howard Pyle, American author and illustrator (died 1911)

Félix de Blochausen, Luxembourgian politician, 6th Prime Minister of Luxembourg (died 1915)

Marietta Piccolomini, Italian soprano (died 1899)

Étienne-Jules Marey, French physiologist and chronophotographer (died 1904)

Charles Wyville Thomson, Scottish historian and zoologist (died 1882)

Austen Henry Layard, English archaeologist, academic, and politician, Under-Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs (died 1894)

John Wentworth, American journalist and politician, 19th Mayor of Chicago (died 1888)

Wilhelm von Giesebrecht, German historian and academic (died 1889)

Georg Friedrich Daumer, German poet and philosopher (died 1875)

Jacques Babinet, French physicist, mathematician, and astronomer (died 1872)

Robert Cooper Grier, American lawyer and jurist (died 1870)

Carlo Odescalchi, Italian cardinal (died 1841)

Benjamin Gompertz, English mathematician and statistician (died 1865)

Christoph Ernst Friedrich Weyse, Danish organist and composer (died 1842)

Jan Křtitel Kuchař, Czech organist, composer, and educator (died 1829)

Jean-Baptiste-Gaspard d'Ansse de Villoison, French scholar and academic (died 1805)

Jonas Carlsson Dryander, Swedish botanist and biologist (died 1810)

William Shield, English violinist and composer (died 1829)

Benjamin Ruggles Woodbridge, American colonel and physician (died 1819)

Vincenzo Galeotti, Italian-Danish dancer and choreographer (died 1816)

Princess Mary of Great Britain (died 1773)

Edward Cornwallis, English general and politician, Governor of Gibraltar (died 1776)

Frederick Cornwallis, English archbishop (died 1783)

Vasily Trediakovsky, Russian poet and playwright (died 1768)

Giovanni Battista Tiepolo, Italian painter (died 1770)

Johann Jakob Wettstein, Swiss theologian and scholar (died 1754)

Antoine de la Mothe Cadillac, French explorer and politician, 3rd Colonial Governor of Louisiana (died 1730)

Jan van der Heyden, Dutch painter and engineer (died 1712)

John George I, Elector of Saxony (died 1656)

Frederick I, Landgrave of Hesse-Homburg (died 1638)

William Oughtred, English minister and mathematician (died 1660)

John Coke, English civil servant and politician (died 1644)

Christoph Pezel, German theologian (died 1604)

Ulrich, Duke of Mecklenburg (died 1603)

Rodrigo de Castro Osorio, Spanish cardinal (died 1600)

Gerardus Mercator, Flemish mathematician, cartographer, and philosopher (died 1594)

William Herbert, 2nd Earl of Pembroke, English Earl (died 1491)

Cansignorio della Scala, Lord of Verona (died 1375)

Louis I of Hungary (died 1382)

David II of Scotland (died 1371)

Saint Kinga of Poland (died 1292)

Henry II of England (died 1189)

Kurt Moll, German opera singer (born 1938)

Hassan Al-Turabi, Sudanese activist and politician (born 1932)

Ray Tomlinson, American computer programmer and engineer (born 1941)

Al Wistert, American football player and coach (born 1920)

Vlada Divljan, Serbian singer-songwriter and guitarist (born 1958)

Edward Egan, American cardinal and former Archbishop of New York (born 1932)

Geoff Edwards, American actor and game show host (born 1931)

Ailsa McKay, Scottish economist and academic (born 1963)

Leopoldo María Panero, Spanish poet and translator (born 1948)

Ola L. Mize, American colonel, Medal of Honor recipient (born 1931)

Paul Bearer, American wrestler and manager (born 1954)

Hugo Chávez, Venezuelan colonel and politician, President of Venezuela (born 1954)

Duane Gish, American biochemist and academic (born 1921)

Paul Haines, New Zealand-Australian author (born 1970)

Philip Madoc, Welsh-English actor (born 1934)

William O. Wooldridge, American sergeant (born 1922)

Manolis Rasoulis, Greek singer-songwriter (born 1945)

Charles B. Pierce, American director, producer, and screenwriter (born 1938)

Richard Stapley, British actor and writer (born 1923)

Joseph Weizenbaum, German computer scientist and author (born 1923)

David Sheppard, English cricketer and bishop (born 1929)

Lolo Ferrari, French dancer, actress and singer (born 1963)

Richard Kiley, American actor and singer (born 1922)

Samm Sinclair Baker, American writer (born 1909)

Jean Dréville, French director and screenwriter (born 1906)

Whit Bissell, American character actor (born 1909)

Vivian Stanshall, English singer-songwriter and musician (born 1943)

Gary Merrill, American actor and director (born 1915)

Alberto Olmedo, Argentine comedian and actor (born 1933)

Tito Gobbi, Italian operatic baritone (born 1913)

William Powell, American actor (born 1892)

John Belushi, American actor (born 1949)

Yip Harburg, American songwriter and composer (born 1896)

Jay Silverheels, Canadian-American actor (born 1912)

Tom Pryce, Welsh race car driver (born 1949)

Otto Tief, Estonian lawyer and politician, Prime Minister of Estonia (born 1889)

John Samuel Bourque, Canadian colonel and politician (born 1894)

Billy De Wolfe, American actor (born 1907)

Sol Hurok, Ukrainian-American businessman (born 1888)

Robert C. O'Brien, American journalist and author (born 1918)

Allan Nevins, American journalist and author (born 1890)

Mischa Auer, Russian-American actor (born 1905)

Mohammad Mosaddegh, Iranian political scientist and politician, 60th Prime Minister of Iran (born 1882)

Georges Vanier, Canadian general and politician, 19th Governor General of Canada (born 1888)

Anna Akhmatova, Ukrainian-Russian poet, author, and translator (born 1889)

Chen Cheng, Chinese general and politician, 27th Premier of the Republic of China (born 1897)

Pepper Martin, American baseball player and manager (born 1904)

Patsy Cline, American singer-songwriter (born 1932)

Cowboy Copas, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (born 1913)

Hawkshaw Hawkins, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (born 1921)

Antanas Merkys, Lithuanian lawyer and politician, 14th Prime Minister of Lithuania (born 1888)

Herman J. Mankiewicz, American screenwriter and producer (born 1897)

Sergei Prokofiev, Russian pianist, composer, and conductor (born 1891)

Joseph Stalin, Soviet dictator and politician of Georgian descent, 2nd leader of the Soviet Union (born 1878)

Edgar Lee Masters, American poet, author, and playwright (born 1868)

Roman Shukhevych, Ukrainian general and politician (born 1907)

Alfredo Casella, Italian pianist, composer, and conductor (born 1883)

Lena Baker, African American held captive post slavery-era (born 1900)

Max Jacob, French poet and author (born 1876)

George Plant, executed Irish Republican (born 1904)

Cai Yuanpei, Chinese philosopher and academic (born 1868)

Roque Ruaño, Spanish priest and engineer (born 1877)

Reşit Galip, Turkish academic and politician, 6th Turkish Minister of National Education (born 1893)

David Dunbar Buick, Scottish-American businessman, founded Buick (born 1854)

Franz Mertens, Polish-Austrian mathematician and academic (born 1840)

Johan Jensen, Danish mathematician and engineer (born 1859)

Friedrich Blass, German philologist, scholar, and academic (born 1843)

Nikolai Leskov, Russian author, playwright, and journalist (born 1831)

Sir Henry Rawlinson, 1st Baronet, English general and scholar (born 1810)

Hippolyte Taine, French historian and critic (born 1828)

Mary Louise Booth, American writer, editor and translator (born 1831)

Marie d'Agoult, German-French historian and author (born 1805)

David Scott, Scottish historical painter (born 1806)

John Adams, English sailor and mutineer (born 1766)

Pierre-Simon Laplace, French mathematician and astronomer (born 1749)

Alessandro Volta, Italian physicist and academic (born 1745)

Franz Mesmer, German physician and astrologist (born 1734)

Thomas Arne, English composer and educator (born 1710)

Crispus Attucks, American slave, sailor, and stevedore, generally regarded as the first victim of the Boston Massacre (born 1723)

Evelyn Pierrepont, 1st Duke of Kingston-upon-Hull, English politician, Lord President of the Council (born 1655)

Henry Wharton, English writer and librarian (born 1664)

Ranuccio I Farnese, Duke of Parma (born 1569)

Shimazu Yoshihisa, Japanese daimyō (born 1533)

Guido Panciroli, Italian historian and jurist (born 1523)

Nuno da Cunha, Portuguese admiral and politician, Governor of Portuguese India (born 1487)

Kaspar Ursinus Velius, German humanist scholar, poet and historian (1493).

Antonio da Correggio, Italian painter and educator (born 1489)

Manuel III Megas Komnenos, Emperor of Trebizond (born 1364)

Matthew of Kraków, Polish reformer (born 1335)

Hermann Balk, German knight

Suppo I, Frankish nobleman

Pope Lucius I