April 16 in History

The historic Børsen in Copenhagen, Denmark, is severely damaged by a fire.

The New York Times and The New Yorker win the Pulitzer Prize for Public Service for breaking news of the Harvey Weinstein sexual abuse scandal.

Ecuador's worst earthquake in nearly 40 years kills 676 and injures more than 230,000.

The South Korean ferry MV Sewol capsizes and sinks near Jindo Island, killing 304 passengers and crew and leading to widespread criticism of the South Korean government, media, and shipping authorities.

A 7.8-magnitude earthquake strikes Sistan and Balochistan province, Iran, killing at least 35 people and injuring 117 others.

The 2013 Baga massacre is started when Boko Haram militants engage government soldiers in Baga.

The trial for Anders Behring Breivik, the perpetrator of the 2011 Norway attacks, begins in Oslo, Norway.

The Pulitzer Prize winners are announced. It was the first time since 1977 that no book won the Fiction Prize.

The U.S. Supreme Court rules in the Baze v. Rees decision that execution by lethal injection does not violate the Eighth Amendment ban against cruel and unusual punishment.

Virginia Tech shooting: Seung-Hui Cho murders 32 people and injures 17 before committing suicide.

The Treaty of Accession is signed in Athens admitting ten new member states to the European Union.

India and Bangladesh begin a five-day border conflict, but are unable to resolve the disputes about their border.

Apollo program: The launch of Apollo 16 from Cape Canaveral, Florida.

U.S. civil rights campaigner Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. writes his open letter from Birmingham Jail, sometimes known as "The Negro Is Your Brother", while incarcerated in Birmingham, Alabama, for protesting against segregation.

In a nationally broadcast speech, Cuban leader Fidel Castro declares that he is a Marxist–Leninist and that Cuba is going to adopt Communism.

The Organization of European Economic Co-operation is formed.

An explosion on board a freighter in port causes Texas City in the state of Texas, United States, to catch fire, killing almost 600 people.

Bernard Baruch first applies the term "Cold War" to describe the relationship between the United States and the Soviet Union.

World War II: The Red Army begins the final assault on German forces around Berlin, with nearly one million troops fighting in the Battle of the Seelow Heights.

World War II: The United States Army liberates Nazi Sonderlager (high security) prisoner-of-war camp Oflag IV-C (better known as Colditz).

World War II: More than 7,000 die when the German transport ship Goya is sunk by a Soviet submarine.

World War II: Allied forces start bombing Belgrade, killing about 1,100 people. This bombing fell on the Orthodox Christian Easter.

Albert Hofmann accidentally discovers the hallucinogenic effects of the research drug LSD. He intentionally takes the drug three days later on April 19.

World War II: The Italian-German Tarigo convoy is attacked and destroyed by British ships.

World War II: The Nazi-affiliated Ustaše is put in charge of the Independent State of Croatia by the Axis powers after Operation 25 is effected.

During the Communist St Nedelya Church assault in Sofia, Bulgaria, 150 are killed and 500 are wounded.

The Treaty of Rapallo, pursuant to which Germany and the Soviet Union re-establish diplomatic relations, is signed.

Mohandas Gandhi organizes a day of "prayer and fasting" in response to the killing of Indian protesters in the Jallianwala Bagh massacre by the British colonial troops three days earlier.

Polish–Lithuanian War: The Polish Army launches the Vilna offensive to capture Vilnius in modern Lithuania.

Russian Revolution: Vladimir Lenin returns to Petrograd, Russia, from exile in Switzerland.

Harriet Quimby becomes the first woman to fly an airplane across the English Channel.

The oldest indoor ice hockey arena used for the sport in the 21st century, Boston Arena, opens for the first time.

Natural Bridges National Monument is established in Utah.

In Dodge City, Kansas, Bat Masterson fights his last gun battle.

The Senate of the Grand Duchy of Finland issues a declaration establishing a city of Kotka on the southern part islands from the old Kymi parish.

American Civil War: During the Vicksburg Campaign, gunboats commanded by acting Rear Admiral David Dixon Porter run downriver past Confederate artillery batteries at Vicksburg.

American Civil War: Battle at Lee's Mills in Virginia.

American Civil War: The District of Columbia Compensated Emancipation Act, a bill ending slavery in the District of Columbia, becomes law.

The Wernerian Natural History Society, a former Scottish learned society, is dissolved.

The Great Indian Peninsula Railway opens the first passenger rail in India, from Bori Bunder to Thane.

Shooting of a Māori by an English sailor results in the opening of the Wanganui Campaign of the New Zealand Wars.

The French Army captures Veracruz in the Pastry War.

The United States Senate ratifies the Rush–Bagot Treaty, limiting naval armaments on the Great Lakes and Lake Champlain.

French Revolutionary Wars: The Battle of Mount Tabor: Napoleon drives Ottoman Turks across the River Jordan near Acre.

The Spithead mutiny begins, immobilising the Channel fleet.

Franz Friedrich Wilhelm von Fürstenberg founds the University of Münster.

The Battle of Culloden is fought between the French-supported Jacobites and the British Hanoverian forces commanded by William Augustus, Duke of Cumberland, in Scotland.

Spanish conquistador Hernando de Lerma founds the settlement of Salta, Argentina.

The Revolt of the Comuneros begins in Spain against the rule of Charles V.

Stefan Dušan, "the Mighty", is crowned Emperor of the Serbs at Skopje, his empire occupying much of the Balkans.

Pope Leo II is elected head of the Catholic Church, although he will not be consecrated until 17 August.

Pope Pelagius I is consecrated following Imperial approval by Emperor Justinian I.

Masada, a Jewish fortress, falls to the Romans after several months of siege, ending the First Jewish–Roman War.

Defeated by Vitellius' troops at Bedriacum, Roman emperor Otho commits suicide.

Battle of Megiddo: The first battle to have been recorded in what is accepted as relatively reliable detail.

Sadie Sink, American actress

Anya Taylor-Joy, Argentine-British actress

Taylor Townsend, American tennis player

Chance the Rapper, American rapper

Mirai Nagasu, Japanese-American figure skater

Brian Poe Llamanzares, Filipino journalist and politician

Nolan Arenado, American baseball player

Kim Kyung-jung, South Korean footballer

Reggie Jackson, American basketball player

Vangelis Mantzaris, Greek basketball player

Tony McQuay, American sprinter

Kyle Okposo, American ice hockey player

Cenk Akyol, Turkish basketball player

Aaron Lennon, English international footballer

Shinji Okazaki, Japanese footballer

Peter Regin, Danish ice hockey player

Epke Zonderland, Dutch gymnast

Luol Deng, Sudanese-English basketball player

Nate Diaz, American mixed martial artist

Brendon Leonard, New Zealand rugby player

Katerina Stikoudi, Greek singer, actress, TV host, model, businesswoman, former champion swimmer and beauty pageant titleholder.

Taye Taiwo, Nigerian footballer

Teddy Blass, American composer and producer

Claire Foy, English actress

Tucker Fredricks, American speed skater

Paweł Kieszek, Polish footballer

Kerron Stewart, Jamaican sprinter

Marié Digby, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and actress

Cat Osterman, American softball player

Gina Carano, American mixed martial artist and actress

Boris Diaw, French basketball player

Jonathan Vilma, American football player

Anestis Agritis, Greek footballer

Maya Dunietz, Israeli singer-songwriter and pianist

Matthieu Proulx, Canadian football player

Christijan Albers, Dutch racing driver

Lars Börgeling, German pole vaulter

Daniel Browne, New Zealand rugby player

Freddie Ljungberg, Swedish footballer

Lukas Haas, American actor and musician

Kelli O'Hara, American actress and singer

Akon, Senegalese-American singer, rapper and songwriter

Charlotta Sörenstam, Swedish golfer

Teddy Cobeña, Spanish-Ecuadorian expressionist and representational sculptor

Conchita Martínez, Spanish-American tennis player

Tracy K. Smith, American poet and educator

Cameron Blades, Australian rugby player

Selena, American singer-songwriter, actress, and fashion designer (died 1995)

Seigo Yamamoto, Japanese racing driver

Natasha Zvereva, Belarusian tennis player

Dero Goi, German singer-songwriter and drummer

Margreth Olin, Norwegian filmmaker

Walt Williams, American basketball player

Patrik Järbyn, Swedish skier

Fernando Viña, American baseball player and sportscaster

Vickie Guerrero, American wrestler and manager

Rüdiger Stenzel, German runner

Jarle Vespestad, Norwegian drummer

Yves-François Blanchet, Canadian politician

Jon Cryer, American actor, director, producer, and screenwriter

Martin Lawrence, American actor, director, producer, and screenwriter

Esbjörn Svensson, Swedish pianist (died 2008)

Saleem Malik, Pakistani cricketer

Jimmy Osmond, American singer

Anna Dello Russo, Italian journalist

Jarbom Gamlin, Indian lawyer and politician, seventh Chief Minister of Arunachal Pradesh (died 2014)

Wahab Akbar, Filipino politician (died 2007)

Rafael Benítez, Spanish footballer and manager

Pierre Littbarski, German footballer and manager

Alison Ramsay, English-Scottish field hockey player and lawyer

Tim Flach, English photographer and director

Ulf Wakenius, Swedish guitarist

Patricia De Martelaere, Belgian philosopher, author, and academic (died 2009)

David M. Brown, American captain, pilot, and astronaut (died 2003)

T Lavitz, American keyboard player, composer, and producer (died 2010)

Lise-Marie Morerod, Swiss skier

Henri, Grand Duke of Luxembourg

Ellen Barkin, American actress

John Bowe, Australian racing driver

Mike Zuke, Canadian ice hockey player

Peter Garrett, Australian singer-songwriter and politician

Michel Blanc, French actor and director (died 2024)

Esther Roth-Shahamorov, Israeli sprinter and hurdler

Bill Belichick, American football coach

Ioan Mihai Cochinescu, Romanian author and photographer

David Graf, American actor (died 2001)

Colleen Hewett, Australian singer and actress

Reg Alcock, Canadian businessman and politician, 17th Canadian President of the Treasury Board (died 2011)

Kareem Abdul-Jabbar, American basketball player and coach

Gerry Rafferty, Scottish singer-songwriter (died 2011)

Margot Adler, American journalist and author (died 2014)

Ernst Bakker, Dutch politician (died 2014)

Johnnie Lewis, Liberian lawyer and politician, 18th Chief Justice of Liberia (died 2015)

R. Carlos Nakai, American flute player

Tom Allen, American lawyer and politician

Stefan Grossman, American acoustic fingerstyle guitarist and singer

Petro Tyschtschenko, Austrian-German businessman

John Watkins, Australian cricketer

Nikos Gioutsos, Greek footballer (died 2023)

Jim Lonborg, American baseball pitcher

Sir Frank Williams, English businessman, founded the Williams F1 Racing Team (died 2021)

Allan Segal, American director and producer (died 2012)

Benoît Bouchard, Canadian academic and politician, 18th Canadian Minister of Transport

David Holford, Barbadian cricketer (died 2022)

Fotis Kafatos, Greek biologist, founding president of the European Research Council (ERC) (died 2017).

Queen Margrethe II of Denmark

Joan Snyder, American painter

John Amabile, American football player and coach (died 2012)

Dusty Springfield, English singer and record producer (died 1999)

Rich Rollins, American baseball player

Gordon Wilson, Scottish lawyer and politician (died 2017)

Gert Potgieter, South African hurdler and coach

George Steele, American wrestler and actor (died 2017)

Vadim Kuzmin, Russian physicist and academic (died 2015)

Marcel Carrière, Canadian director and screenwriter

Sarah Kirsch, German poet and author (died 2013)

Lennart Risberg, Swedish boxer (died 2013)

Dominique Venner, French journalist and historian (died 2013)

Bobby Vinton, American singer

Vince Hill, English singer-songwriter (died 2023)

Robert Stigwood, Australian producer and manager (died 2016)

Barrie Unsworth, Australian politician, 36th Premier of New South Wales

Vicar, Chilean cartoonist (died 2012)

Marcos Alonso Imaz, Spanish footballer (died 2012)

Joan Bakewell, English journalist and author

Perry Botkin Jr., American composer, arranger and musician (died 2021)

Vera Krepkina, Russian long jumper (died 2023)

Ike Pappas, American journalist and actor (died 2008)

Maury Meyers, American lawyer and politician (died 2014)

Julian Carroll, American politician, 54th Governor of Kentucky (died 2023)

Doug Beasy, Australian footballer and educator (died 2013)

Herbie Mann, American flute player and composer (died 2003)

Roy Hamilton, American singer (died 1969)

Ralph Slatyer, Australian biologist and ecologist (died 2012)

Ed Townsend, American singer-songwriter and producer (died 2003)

Night Train Lane, American football player (died 2002)

Edie Adams, American actress and singer (died 2008)

Pope Benedict XVI (died 2022)

Rolf Schult, German actor (died 2013)

Pierre Fabre, French pharmacist, founded Laboratoires Pierre Fabre (died 2013)

Henry Mancini, American composer and conductor (died 1994)

Madanjeet Singh, Indian diplomat, author, and philanthropist (died 2013)

Warren Barker, American composer (died 2006)

Arch A. Moore Jr., American sergeant, lawyer, and politician, 28th Governor of West Virginia (died 2015)

Kingsley Amis, English novelist, poet, and critic (died 1995)

Lawrence N. Guarino, American colonel (died 2014)

Leo Tindemans, Belgian politician, 43rd Prime Minister of Belgium (died 2014)

Wolfgang Leonhard, German historian and author (died 2014)

Peter Ustinov, English actor, director, producer, and screenwriter (died 2004)

Ananda Dassanayake, Sri Lankan politician (died 2012)

Prince Georg of Denmark (died 1986)

Merce Cunningham, American dancer and choreographer (died 2009)

Nilla Pizzi, Italian singer (died 2011)

Pedro Ramírez Vázquez, Mexican architect (died 2013)

Spike Milligan, Irish actor, comedian, and writer (died 2002)

Victoria Eugenia Fernández de Córdoba, 18th Duchess of Medinaceli (died 2013)

Behçet Necatigil, Turkish author, poet, and translator (died 1979)

John Hodiak, American actor (died 1955)

Guy Burgess, English-Russian spy (died 1963)

Berton Roueché, American journalist and author (died 1994)

Ellis Marsalis, Sr., American businessman and activist (died 2004)

Ray Ventura, French jazz bandleader (died 1979)

Joseph-Armand Bombardier, Canadian inventor and businessman, founded Bombardier Inc. (died 1964)

August Eigruber, Austrian-German politician (died 1947)

Frits Philips, Dutch businessman (died 2005)

Fifi D'Orsay, Canadian-American vaudevillian, actress, and singer (died 1983)

Paul Waner, American baseball player and manager (died 1965)

Polly Adler, Russian-American madam and author (died 1962)

Osman Achmatowicz, Polish chemist and academic (died 1988)

Árpád Weisz, Hungarian footballer (died 1944)

Ove Arup, English-Danish engineer and businessman, founded Arup (died 1988)

Germaine Guèvremont, Canadian journalist and author (died 1968)

John Norton, American hurdler (died 1979)

Dora Richter, German transgender woman and the first known person to undergo complete male-to-female gender-affirming surgery (died 1966)

Howard Mumford Jones, American author, critic, and academic (died 1980)

Dorothy P. Lathrop, American author and illustrator (died 1980)

Fred Root, English cricketer and umpire (died 1954)

Gertrude Chandler Warner, American author and educator (died 1979)

Charlie Chaplin, English actor, director, producer, screenwriter, and composer (died 1977)

Billy Minter, English footballer and manager (died 1940)

Michalis Dorizas, Greek-American football player and javelin thrower (died 1957)

Ernst Thälmann, German politician (died 1944)

Leó Weiner, Hungarian composer and educator (died 1960)

Ronald Barnes, 3rd Baron Gorell, English cricketer, journalist, and politician (died 1963)

Seth Bingham, American organist and composer (died 1972)

R. E. Foster, English cricketer and footballer (died 1914)

Jōtarō Watanabe, Japanese general (died 1936)

John Millington Synge, Irish author, poet, and playwright (died 1909)

Wilbur Wright, American inventor (died 1912)

José de Diego, Puerto Rican journalist, lawyer, and politician (died 1918)

Harry Chauvel, Australian general (died 1945)

Ponnambalam Ramanathan, Sri Lankan lawyer and politician, third Solicitor General of Sri Lanka (died 1930)

Kandukuri Veeresalingam, Indian author and activist (died 1919)

Hans Auer, Swiss-Austrian architect, designed the Federal Palace of Switzerland (died 1906)

Anatole France, French journalist, novelist, and poet, Nobel Prize laureate (died 1924)

Antonio Starabba, Marchese di Rudinì, Italian politician, 12th Prime Minister of Italy (died 1908)

Charles Lennox Richardson, English merchant (died 1862)

Octave Crémazie, Canadian poet and bookseller (died 1879)

Sir James Corry, 1st Baronet, British politician (died 1891)

Gotthold Eisenstein, German mathematician and academic (died 1852)

Ford Madox Brown, French-English soldier and painter (died 1893)

Juraj Dobrila, Croatian bishop and national revivalist (died 1882)

Caleb Blood Smith, American journalist, lawyer, and politician, sixth United States Secretary of the Interior (died 1864)

George Bingham, 3rd Earl of Lucan, English field marshal and politician (died 1888)

John Franklin, English admiral and politician, fourth Lieutenant Governor of Van Diemen's Land (died 1847)

Louise Élisabeth Vigée Le Brun, French painter (died 1842)

Henry Clinton, English general and politician (died 1795)

Joseph Black, French-Scottish physician and chemist (died 1799)

Johann Gottlieb Görner, German organist and composer (died 1778)

John Hadley, English mathematician, invented the octant (died 1744)

Charles Montagu, 1st Earl of Halifax, English poet and politician, First Lord of the Treasury (died 1715)

Hans Sloane, Irish-English physician and academic (died 1753)

Jules Hardouin-Mansart, French architect (probable; (died 1708)

Frans van Mieris the Elder, Dutch painter (died 1681)

John Davies, English poet and lawyer (died 1626)

Tabinshwehti, Burmese king (died 1550)

Petrus Apianus, German mathematician and astronomer (died 1557)

Jungjong of Joseon (died 1544)

Justin Fairfax, American lawyer and politician, 41st Lieutenant Governor of Virginia (born 1979)

Alex Manninger, Austrian footballer (born 1977)

Nora Aunor, Filipino actress and recording artist (born 1953)

Carl Erskine, American baseball player (born 1926)

Bob Graham, American lawyer, author, and politician, 38th governor of Florida (born 1936)

Andrew Peacock, Australian politician (born 1939)

Helen McCrory, British actress (born 1968)

Liam Scarlett, British choreographer (born 1986)

John Dawes, Welsh rugby union player (born 1940)

Harry Anderson, American actor and magician (born 1952)

Valery Belousov, Russian ice hockey player and coach (born 1948)

Stanislav Gross, Czech lawyer and politician, fifth Prime Minister of the Czech Republic (born 1969)

Gyude Bryant, Liberian businessman and politician (born 1949)

Aulis Rytkönen, Finnish footballer and manager (born 1929)

Ernst Florian Winter, Austrian-American historian and political scientist (born 1923)

Charles Bruzon, Gibraltarian politician (born 1938)

Ali Kafi, Algerian politician (born 1928)

Siegfried Ludwig, Austrian politician, 18th Governor of Lower Austria (born 1926)

Pentti Lund, Finnish-Canadian ice hockey player (born 1925)

George Beverly Shea, Canadian-American singer-songwriter (born 1909)

Pat Summerall, American football player and sportscaster (born 1930)

Pedro Ramírez Vázquez, Mexican architect, designed the Tijuana Cultural Center and National Museum of Anthropology (born 1919)

Sári Barabás, Hungarian soprano (born 1914)

Marian Biskup, Polish author and academic (born 1922)

Alan Hacker, English clarinet player and conductor (born 1938)

George Kunda, Zambian lawyer and politician, 11th Vice-President of Zambia (born 1956)

Mærsk Mc-Kinney Møller, Danish businessman (born 1913)

Carlo Petrini, Italian footballer and coach (born 1948)

Gerry Alexander, Jamaican cricketer and veterinarian (born 1928)

Allan Blakeney, Canadian scholar and politician, tenth Premier of Saskatchewan (born 1925)

Sol Saks, American screenwriter and producer (born 1910)

Rasim Delić, Bosnian general and convicted war criminal (born 1949)

Daryl Gates, American police officer, created the D.A.R.E. Program (born 1926)

Michael Martin Dwyer, Irish security guard (born 1984)

Eduardo Rózsa-Flores, Bolivian-Hungarian-Croatian mercenary, journalist, and actor (born 1960)

Edward Norton Lorenz, American mathematician and meteorologist (born 1917)

Frank Bateson, New Zealand astronomer (born 1909)

Gaétan Duchesne, Canadian ice hockey player (born 1962)

Maria Lenk, Brazilian swimmer (born 1915)

Chandrabose Suthaharan, Sri Lankan journalist

Kay Walsh, English actress, singer, and dancer (born 1911)

Graham Jarvis, Canadian actor (born 1930)

Graham Stuart Thomas, English horticulturalist and author (born 1909)

Billy Ayre, English footballer and manager (born 1952)

Ruth Fertel, American businesswoman, founded Ruth's Chris Steak House (born 1927)

Robert Urich, American actor (born 1946)

Robert Osterloh, American actor (born 1918)[better source needed]

Michael Ritchie, American director, producer, and screenwriter (born 1938)

Alec Stock, English footballer and manager (born 1917)

Skip Spence, Canadian-American singer-songwriter and guitarist (born 1946)

Alberto Calderón, Argentinian-American mathematician and academic (born 1920)

Fred Davis, English snooker player (born 1913)

Marie-Louise Meilleur, Canadian super-centenarian (born 1880)

Esmeralda Arboleda Cadavid, Colombian politician (born 1921)

Roland Topor, French actor, director, and painter (born 1938)

Lucille Bremer, American actress and dancer (born 1917)

Paul-Émilien Dalpé, Canadian labor unionist (born 1919)

Ralph Ellison, American novelist and critic (born 1913)

Neville Brand, American actor (born 1920)

Alexandru Nicolschi, Romanian spy and activist (born 1915)

Andy Russell, American singer and actor (born 1919)

David Lean, English director, producer, and screenwriter (born 1908)

Jocko Conlan, American baseball player and umpire (born 1899)

Kaoru Ishikawa Japanese author and educator (born 1915)

Miles Lawrence, English cricketer (born 1940)

Hakkı Yeten, Turkish footballer, manager and president (born 1910)

Khalil al-Wazir, Palestinian commander, founded Fatah (born 1935)

Youri Egorov, Russian pianist (born 1954)

Scott Brady, American actor (born 1924)

Morris Stoloff, American composer (born 1898)

Lucius D. Clay, American officer and military governor in occupied Germany (born 1898)

István Kertész, Hungarian conductor and educator (born 1929)

Yasunari Kawabata, Japanese novelist and short story writer, Nobel Prize laureate (born 1899)

Frank O'Connor, Australian public servant (born 1894)

Richard Neutra, Austrian-American architect, designed the Los Angeles County Hall of Records (born 1892)

Péter Veres, Hungarian politician, Hungarian Minister of Defence (born 1897)

Hem Vejakorn, Thai illustrator and painter (born 1904)

Fay Bainter, American actress (born 1893)

Edna Ferber, American novelist, short story writer, and playwright (born 1885)

Eric Lambert, Australian author (born 1918)

Francis Balfour, English soldier and colonial administrator (born 1884)

Sydney Chaplin, English actor, comedian, brother of Charlie Chaplin (born 1885)

Carl Hovland, American psychologist and academic (born 1912)

Mihály Fekete, Hungarian actor, screenwriter and film director (born 1884)

Rosalind Franklin, English biophysicist and academic (born 1920)

Pieter van der Hoog, Dutch bacteriologist, dermatologist, and Islamicist (born 1888)

David Kirkwood, Scottish engineer and politician (born 1872)

Eduard Oja, Estonian composer, conductor, and critic (born 1905)

Anders Peter Nielsen, Danish target shooter (born 1867)

Rudolf Höss, German SS officer, commandant of Auschwitz, convicted war criminal (born 1900)

Arthur Chevrolet, Swiss-American racing driver and engineer (born 1884)

Princess Alexandra of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (born 1878)

Denis St. George Daly, Irish polo player (born 1862)

Josiah Stamp, 1st Baron Stamp, English economist and civil servant (born 1880)

Tony D'Arcy, Irish Republican died while on hunger strike (born 1908)

Steve Bloomer, English footballer and manager (born 1874)

Jay Johnson Morrow, American military engineer and politician, third Governor of the Panama Canal Zone (born 1870)

Panait Istrati, Romanian journalist and author (born 1884)

José Carlos Mariátegui, Peruvian journalist, philosopher, and activist (born 1894)

Henry Birks, Canadian businessman, founded Henry Birks and Sons (born 1840)

Stefan Nerezov, Bulgarian general (born 1867)

Nelson W. Aldrich, American businessman and politician (born 1841)

George William Hill, American astronomer and mathematician (born 1838)

Maximilian Kronberger, German poet and author (born 1888)

Samuel Smiles, Scottish-English author (born 1812)

Emilio Jacinto, Filipino journalist and activist (born 1875)

Zygmunt Florenty Wróblewski, Polish physicist and chemist (born 1845)

Bernadette Soubirous, French nun and saint (born 1844)

Alexis de Tocqueville, French historian and philosopher, French Minister of Foreign Affairs (born 1805)

Marie Tussaud, French-English sculptor, founded the Madame Tussauds Wax Museum (born 1761)

Domenico Dragonetti, Italian bassist and composer (born 1763)

Francisco Goya, Spanish-French painter and illustrator (born 1746)

Georges-Louis Leclerc, Comte de Buffon, French mathematician, cosmologist, and author (born 1707)

Christian Mayer, Czech astronomer and educator (born 1719)

Jacques Cassini, French astronomer (born 1677)

Stefano Benedetto Pallavicino, Italian poet and translator (born 1672)

Aphra Behn, English author and playwright (born 1640)

George Villiers, 2nd Duke of Buckingham, English poet and politician, Lord Lieutenant of the West Riding of Yorkshire (born 1628)

Tobias Hume, Scottish soldier, viol player, and composer (born 1569)

Countess Charlotte Flandrina of Nassau (born 1579)

Anne Seymour, Duchess of Somerset (born 1497)

Charles II, Duke of Savoy (born 1489)

John Hastings, 2nd Earl of Pembroke, English nobleman and soldier (born 1347)

Richard Marshal, 3rd Earl of Pembroke (born 1191)

Frederick I, Duke of Austria (born 1175)

Adelaide del Vasto, regent of Sicily, mother of Roger II of Sicily, queen of Baldwin I of Jerusalem

Sviatopolk II of Kiev (born 1050)

Sikelgaita, duchess of Apulia (born c. 1040)

Fructuosus of Braga, French archbishop and saint

Otho, Roman emperor (born AD 32)